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Vitamin B12 status among pregnant women in the UK and its association with obesity and gestational diabetes
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Sukumar, Nithya, Venkataraman, Hema, Wilson, Sean, Goljan, Ilona, Selvamoni, Selvin, Patel, Vinod and Saravanan, Ponnusamy (2016) Vitamin B12 status among pregnant women in the UK and its association with obesity and gestational diabetes. Nutrients, 8 (12). 768. doi:10.3390/nu8120768 ISSN 2072-6643.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8120768
Abstract
Background
To evaluate vitamin B12 and folate status in pregnancy and their relationship with maternal obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and offspring birthweight.
Methods
A retrospective case-control study of 344 women (143 GDM, 201 no-GDM) attending a district general hospital and that had B12 and folate levels measured in the early 3rd trimester was performed. Maternal history including early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and neonatal data (birthweight, sex, and gestational age) was recorded for all subjects. Results: 26% of the cohort had B12 levels <150 pmol/L (32% vs. 22% in the two groups respectively, p < 0.05) while 1.5% were folate deficient. After adjusting for confounders, 1st trimester BMI was negatively associated with 3rd trimester B12 levels. Women with B12 insufficiency had higher odds of obesity and GDM (aOR (95% CI) 2.40 (1.31, 4.40), p = 0.004, and 2.59 (1.35, 4.98), p = 0.004, respectively), although the latter was partly mediated by BMI. In women without GDM, the lowest quartile of B12 and highest quartile of folate had significantly higher adjusted risk of fetal macrosomia (RR 5.3 (1.26, 21.91), p = 0.02 and 4.99 (1.15, 21.62), p = 0.03 respectively).
Conclusion
This is the first study from the UK to show that maternal B12 levels are associated with BMI, risk of GDM, and additionally may have an independent effect on macrosomia. Due to the increasing burden of maternal obesity and GDM, longitudinal studies with B12 measurements in early pregnancy are needed to explore this link.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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Subjects: | R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics | ||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Population, Evidence & Technologies (PET) Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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SWORD Depositor: | Library Publications Router | ||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Diabetes in pregnancy -- Statistics, Vitamin B12 deficiency, Folic acid deficiency, Pregnant women -- Health aspects, Obesity in women | ||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Nutrients | ||||||
Publisher: | MDPI AG | ||||||
ISSN: | 2072-6643 | ||||||
Official Date: | 1 December 2016 | ||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 8 | ||||||
Number: | 12 | ||||||
Article Number: | 768 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.3390/nu8120768 | ||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | ** From Crossref via Jisc Publications Router. | ||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 4 June 2018 | ||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 4 June 2018 | ||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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