Raymond, Sean N., Armitage, Philip J. and Veras, Dimitri (2018) Interstellar object ’Oumuamua as an extinct fragment of an ejected cometary planetesimal. The Astrophysical Journal, 856 (1). L7. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aab4f6 ISSN 0004-637X.

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Abstract

'Oumuamua was discovered passing through our solar system on a hyperbolic orbit. It presents an apparent contradiction, with colors similar to those of volatile-rich solar system bodies but with no visible outgassing or activity during its close approach to the Sun. Here, we show that this contradiction can be explained by the dynamics of planetesimal ejection by giant planets. We propose that 'Oumuamua is an extinct fragment of a comet-like planetesimal born a planet-forming disk that also formed Neptune- to Jupiter-mass giant planets. On its pathway to ejection 'Oumuamua's parent body underwent a close encounter with a giant planet and was tidally disrupted into small pieces, similar to comet Shoemaker–Levy 9's disruption after passing close to Jupiter. We use dynamical simulations to show that 0.1%–1% of cometary planetesimals undergo disruptive encounters prior to ejection. Rocky asteroidal planetesimals are unlikely to disrupt due to their higher densities. After disruption, the bulk of fragments undergo enough close passages to their host stars to lose their surface volatiles and become extinct. Planetesimal fragments such as 'Oumuamua contain little of the mass in the population of interstellar objects but dominate by number. Our model makes predictions that will be tested in the coming decade by the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QB Astronomy
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Interstellar matter, Planets -- Origin, Astrophysics -- Computer simulation
Journal or Publication Title:	The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher:	Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc.
ISSN:	0004-637X
Official Date:	20 March 2018
Dates:	Date Event 20 March 2018 Published 6 March 2018 Accepted
Volume:	856
Number:	1
Number of Pages:	5
Article Number:	L7
DOI:	10.3847/2041-8213/aab4f6
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
Date of first compliant deposit:	9 April 2018
Date of first compliant Open Access:	10 April 2018
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:	Project/Grant ID RIOXX Funder Name Funder ID Ernest Rutherford Fellowship (ST/P003850/1) Science and Technology Facilities Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000271 NNX16AB42G National Aeronautics and Space Administration http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000104 ANR-13-BS05-0003-002 Agence Nationale de la Recherche http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665

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