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Preterm birth/low birth weight and markers reflective of wealth in adulthood : a meta-analysis

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Bilgin, Ayten, Mendonca, Marina and Wolke, Dieter (2018) Preterm birth/low birth weight and markers reflective of wealth in adulthood : a meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 142 (1). e20173625. doi:10.1542/peds.2017-3625

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-3625

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Abstract

Context

Preterm birth/low birth weight (PT/LBW) increases the risk of cognitive deficits which suggests an association between PT/LBW and lower wealth in adulthood. Nevertheless, studies have revealed inconsistent findings so far.

Objective

To systematically investigate whether PT/LBW is associated with markers of adulthood wealth.

Data Sources

We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Embase.

Study Selection

Prospective longitudinal and registry studies that reported on selected wealth related outcomes in PT/LBW born adults compared to full-term born controls.

Data Extraction

Two independent reviewers extracted data on educational qualifications, employment rates, social benefits, and independent living.

Results

Of 1347 articles screened, 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. PT/LBW was associated with decreased likelihood of attainment of higher education qualifications (OR= 0.74; 95% CI= 0.69-0.80), lower employment rate (OR = 0.83; 95% CI= 0.74-0.92), and increased likelihood of receiving social benefits (OR= 1.25; 95% CI= 1.09-1.42). A dose-response relationship according to gestation was only found for education qualifications. PT/LBW born adults did not differ significantly from those born full-term in independent living.

Limitations

There was high heterogeneity between studies. There were unequal numbers of studies from different regions in the world.

Conclusions

PT/LBW is associated with lower educational qualifications, decreased rate of employment and an increased rate of receipt of social benefits in adulthood. Low educational qualifications were most prevalent in those born very preterm and consistent across geographic regions. However, the findings are less clear for independent living.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory
R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics
Divisions: Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing
Faculty of Science > Psychology
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Premature infants -- Psychological aspects , Birth weight, Low -- Psychological aspects, Wealth
Journal or Publication Title: Pediatrics
Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics
ISSN: 0031-4005
Official Date: July 2018
Dates:
DateEvent
July 2018Published
6 June 2018Available
3 April 2018Accepted
Volume: 142
Number: 1
Article Number: e20173625
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3625
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access

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