UNSPECIFIED (2002) Infectiousness in a cohort of Brazilian dogs: Why culling fails to control visceral leishmaniasis in areas of high transmission. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 186 (9). pp. 1314-1320. ISSN 0022-1899

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Abstract

The elimination of seropositive dogs in Brazil has been used to control zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis but with little success. To elucidate the reasons for this, the infectiousness of 50 sentinel dogs exposed to natural Leishmania chagasi infection was assessed through time by xenodiagnosis with the sandfly vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis. Eighteen (43%) of 42 infected dogs became infectious after a median of 333 days in the field (105 days after seroconversion). Seven highly infectious dogs (17%) accounted for >80% of sandfly infections. There were positive correlations between infectiousness and anti-Leishmania immunoglobulin G, parasite detection by polymerase chain reaction, and clinical disease (logistic regression, r(2) = 0.08-0.18). The sensitivity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect currently infectious dogs was high (96%) but lower in the latent period (<63%), and specificity was low (24%). Mathematical modeling suggests that culling programs fail because of high incidence of infection and infectiousness, the insensitivity of the diagnostic test to detect infectious dogs, and time delays between diagnosis and culling.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR355 Virology Q Science > QR Microbiology
Journal or Publication Title:	JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Publisher:	UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
ISSN:	0022-1899
Date:	1 November 2002
Volume:	186
Number:	9
Number of Pages:	7
Page Range:	pp. 1314-1320
Publication Status:	Published
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/10496

Data sourced from Thomson Reuters' Web of Knowledge

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