Pellis, Tommaso, Soar, Jasmeet, Perkins, Gavin D., Gazmuri, Raúl J., Paradis, Norman A., Halperin, Henry R., Kern, Karl B., Wenzel, Volker and Chamberlain, Douglas A. (2007) Pharmacology of cardiac arrest and reperfusion. In: Cardiac Arrest: The Science and Practice of Resuscitation Medicine. Cambridge University Press, pp. 395-416. ISBN 978051154482

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Abstract

Introduction: The pharmacology of resuscitation is largely based on anecdotal evidence and descriptive research rather than on objective scientific experimentation. Our understanding of the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of drugs used to resuscitate victims of cardiac arrest is also limited by ethical and experimental constraints. Animal models of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), jointly with clinical studies, have considerably increased our understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiac arrest and significantly improved our ability to resuscitate victims of cardiac arrest. The great majority of such studies, however, were designed to address interventions to improve resuscitation rather than to investigate the pharmacological profile of drugs used in settings of cardiac arrest and reperfusion. Even less evidence is available on the PK of administration of multiple drugs, a more complex but realistic scenario. During resuscitative efforts, i.e., low flow reperfusion, significant shunting of blood to vital organs occurs. The use of vasopressors in this setting further modifies the patterns of blood flow distribution, in all likelihood affecting the PK of concomitantly administered drugs. The time from onset of cardiopulmonary arrest until restoration of an effective spontaneous circulation is the single most important determinant of long-term survival and neurological outcome. Prompt initiation of CPR and defibrillation of ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT) are more likely to alter patient outcome than is pharmacologic management. Nevertheless, treatment with pharmacologic agents is frequently required in patients with VF or VT that is refractory to electrical shocks and in patients with asystole or pulseless electrical activity (PEA).

Item Type:	Book Item
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Clinical Trials Unit Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Publisher:	Cambridge University Press
ISBN:	978051154482
Book Title:	Cardiac Arrest: The Science and Practice of Resuscitation Medicine
Official Date:	1 January 2007
Dates:	Date Event 1 January 2007 Published
Page Range:	pp. 395-416
DOI:	10.1017/CBO9780511544828.022
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access

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