The Library
Diffusion-controlled reactions in gold/lead-tin solder systems
Tools
Hannech, El Bahi (1989) Diffusion-controlled reactions in gold/lead-tin solder systems. PhD thesis, University of Warwick.
|
PDF
WRAP_Theses_Hannech_1989.pdf - Submitted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (4Mb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://webcat.warwick.ac.uk/record=b3184622~S15
Abstract
Au/PbSn joints are widely used in the microelectronics industry. Intermetallic formation in Au/60Sn-40wt. %Pb and in Au/62Sn-36Pb-2wt. %Ag systems has been studied in the temperature range 80°C-160°C using diffusion couples. Interdiffusion between Au films and 60Sn-40wt. %Pb solder doped with 2 wt. % zinc has also been studied but at 125°C only, also using diffusion couples. The intermetallic phases were identified by Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and found to be gold-tin compounds. The predominant phases were found to be AuSn₄ and AuSn₂ but all the phases predicted in that range of temperatures by the equilibrium phase diagram of the Au-Sn system were present in the couples after long annealing times. The kinetics of the intermetallic layers were determined and an activation energy for the growth of the layer of AuSn₄ of 0.84 ± 0.02 eV was found.
The effect of both silver and zinc on the growth rates of the intermetallic layers were determined. It was found that both additives reduce the intermetallic layer growth rates. In addition to the Au-Sn intermetallics, a compound layer of composition Au₀.₃Sn₀.₃Zn₀.₄ forms between the AuSn₄ layer and the solder in the Au/PbSnZn system.
The tensile strengths of the joints, before and after aging, were also evaluated and the weak bonds within the joints identified. It was found that the weak bonds within a Au/PbSn joint, with or without silver in the solder, were the intermetallic layer interfaces. The joint tensile strength is not weakened by the increase of the intermetallic layer thicknesses with aging time. Joint weakening occurs after degradation of the gold film of the joint, but that happens a long aging time after the depletion of the gold film. The joint made with the zinc containing solder was found to lose strength rapidly after aging. The weak area of the joint is the solder/wire interface.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics | ||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Intermetallic compounds -- Diffusion rate, Lead-tin alloys, Gold, Interfaces (Physical sciences), Solder and soldering, Welded joints -- Reliability, Joints (Engineering) -- Reliability | ||||
Official Date: | October 1989 | ||||
Dates: |
|
||||
Institution: | University of Warwick | ||||
Theses Department: | Department of Physics | ||||
Thesis Type: | PhD | ||||
Publication Status: | Unpublished | ||||
Supervisor(s)/Advisor: | Hall, Christopher R. | ||||
Sponsors: | Algeria | ||||
Format of File: | |||||
Extent: | xii, 84 leaves : illustrations, charts | ||||
Language: | eng |
Request changes or add full text files to a record
Repository staff actions (login required)
View Item |
Downloads
Downloads per month over past year