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Constraining the presence of giant planets in two-belt debris disk systems with VLT/SPHERE direct imaging and dynamical arguments

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Matthews, Elisabeth, Hinkley, Sasha, Vigan, Arthur, Kennedy, Grant M., Sutlieff, Ben, Wickenden, Dawn, Treves, Sam, David, Trevor, Meshkat, Tiffany, Mawet, Dimitri, Morales, Farisa, Shannon, Andrew and Stapelfeldt, Karl (2018) Constraining the presence of giant planets in two-belt debris disk systems with VLT/SPHERE direct imaging and dynamical arguments. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 480 (2). pp. 2757-2783. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1778

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1778

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Abstract

Giant, wide-separation planets often lie in the gap between multiple, distinct rings of circumstellar debris: this is the case for the HR 8799 and HD 95086 systems, and even the solar system where the Asteroid and Kuiper belts enclose the four gas and ice giants. In the case that a debris disk, inferred from an infrared excess in the SED, is best modelled as two distinct temperatures, we infer the presence of two spatially separated rings of debris. Giant planets may well exist between these two belts of debris, and indeed could be responsible for the formation of the gap between these belts. We observe 24 such two-belt systems using the VLT/SPHERE high contrast imager, and interpret our results under the assumption that the gap is indeed formed by one or more giant planets. A theoretical minimum mass for each planet can then be calculated, based on the predicted dynamical timescales to clear debris. The typical dynamical lower limit is ˜0.2MJ in this work, and in some cases exceeds 1MJ. Direct imaging data, meanwhile, is typically sensitive to planets down to ˜3.6MJ at 1", and 1.7MJ in the best case. Together, these two limits tightly constrain the possible planetary systems present around each target, many of which will be detectable with the next generation of high-contrast imagers.

Item Type: Journal Article
Alternative Title:
Subjects: Q Science > QB Astronomy
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Physics
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Planetary systems, Circumstellar matter
Journal or Publication Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISSN: 0035-8711
Official Date: 21 October 2018
Dates:
DateEvent
21 October 2018Published
5 July 2018Available
3 July 2018Accepted
Date of first compliant deposit: 2 August 2018
Volume: 480
Number: 2
Page Range: pp. 2757-2783
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty1778
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
UNSPECIFIEDUniversity of Exeterhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000737
UNSPECIFIED[RS] Royal Societyhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000288
UNSPECIFIEDPennsylvania State Universityhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008321
095.C-0549European Southern Observatoryhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004604
095.C-0838European Southern Observatoryhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004604
097.C-0949European Southern Observatoryhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004604
097.C- 1019European Southern Observatoryhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004604
099.C-0734European Southern Observatoryhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004604
UNSPECIFIEDEuropean Space Agencyhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000844
UNSPECIFIEDCentre de données stellaireshttp://viaf.org/viaf/147284806
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