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Fabrication of copper window electrodes with ~10⁸ apertures cm⁻² for organic photovoltaics
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Pereira, Harriotte Jessica, Reed, Joseph, Lee, Jaemin, Varagnolo, Silvia, Dabera, Dinesha and Hatton, Ross A. (2018) Fabrication of copper window electrodes with ~10⁸ apertures cm⁻² for organic photovoltaics. Advanced Functional Materials, 28 (36). a1802893. doi:10.1002/adfm.201802893 ISSN 1616-301X.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201802893
Abstract
A powerful approach to increasing the far‐field transparency of copper film window electrodes which simultaneously reduces intraband absorption losses for wavelengths <550 nm and suppresses reflective losses for wavelengths >550 nm is reported. The approach is based on incorporation of a random array of ≈100 million circular apertures per cm2 into an optically thin copper film, with a mean aperture diameter of ≈500 nm. A method for the fabrication of these electrodes is described that exploits a binary polymer blend mask that self‐organizes at room temperature from a single solution, and so is simple to implement. Additionally all of the materials used in electrode fabrication are low cost, low toxicity, and widely available. It is shown that these nanostructured copper electrodes offer an average far‐field transparency of ≥80% and sheet resistance of ≤10 Ω sq−1 when used in conjunction with a conventional solution processed ZnO electron transport layer and their utility in inverted organic photovoltaic devices is demonstrated.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry | |||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry | |||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Electrodes, Copper, Photovoltaic power generation, Thin film devices, Photovoltaic cells -- Materials | |||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Advanced Functional Materials | |||||||||
| Publisher: | Wiley - V C H Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA | |||||||||
| ISSN: | 1616-301X | |||||||||
| Official Date: | 5 September 2018 | |||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 28 | |||||||||
| Number: | 36 | |||||||||
| Article Number: | a1802893 | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1002/adfm.201802893 | |||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 28 August 2018 | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 23 July 2019 | |||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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