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Fabrication of copper window electrodes with ~10⁸ apertures cm⁻² for organic photovoltaics

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Pereira, Harriotte Jessica, Reed, Joseph, Lee, Jaemin, Varagnolo, Silvia, Dabera, Dinesha and Hatton, Ross A. (2018) Fabrication of copper window electrodes with ~10⁸ apertures cm⁻² for organic photovoltaics. Advanced Functional Materials, 28 (36). a1802893. doi:10.1002/adfm.201802893 ISSN 1616-301X.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201802893

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Abstract

A powerful approach to increasing the far‐field transparency of copper film window electrodes which simultaneously reduces intraband absorption losses for wavelengths <550 nm and suppresses reflective losses for wavelengths >550 nm is reported. The approach is based on incorporation of a random array of ≈100 million circular apertures per cm2 into an optically thin copper film, with a mean aperture diameter of ≈500 nm. A method for the fabrication of these electrodes is described that exploits a binary polymer blend mask that self‐organizes at room temperature from a single solution, and so is simple to implement. Additionally all of the materials used in electrode fabrication are low cost, low toxicity, and widely available. It is shown that these nanostructured copper electrodes offer an average far‐field transparency of ≥80% and sheet resistance of ≤10 Ω sq−1 when used in conjunction with a conventional solution processed ZnO electron transport layer and their utility in inverted organic photovoltaic devices is demonstrated.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Electrodes, Copper, Photovoltaic power generation, Thin film devices, Photovoltaic cells -- Materials
Journal or Publication Title: Advanced Functional Materials
Publisher: Wiley - V C H Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA
ISSN: 1616-301X
Official Date: 5 September 2018
Dates:
DateEvent
5 September 2018Published
23 July 2018Available
25 June 2018Accepted
Volume: 28
Number: 36
Article Number: a1802893
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201802893
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Date of first compliant deposit: 28 August 2018
Date of first compliant Open Access: 23 July 2019
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
EP/N009096/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
Chancellor’s International ScholarshipUniversity of Warwickhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000741

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