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Source method biases as implicit personality theory at the domain and facet levels
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McCrae, Robert R., Mõttus, René, Hřebíčková, Martina, Realo, Anu and Allik, Jüri (2019) Source method biases as implicit personality theory at the domain and facet levels. Journal of Personality, 87 (4). pp. 813-826. doi:10.1111/jopy.12435
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12435
Abstract
Objective
We tested predictions about the structure and magnitude of method biases in single‐source personality trait assessments. We expected a large number of distinct biases that would parallel the observed structure of traits, at both facet and item levels.
Method
We analyzed multimethod ratings on the Estonian NEO Personality Inventory‐3 in a sample of 3,214 adults. By subtracting informant ratings from self‐reports, we eliminated true score variance and analyzed the size and structure of the residual method biases. We replicated analyses using data (N = 709) from the Czech Revised NEO Personality Inventory.
Results
The magnitude of method biases was consistent with predictions by McCrae (2018, Psychological Assessment). Factor analyses at the facet level showed a clear replication of the normative Five‐Factor Model structure in both samples. Item factor analyses within domains showed that facet‐level method biases mimicked the facet structure of the instrument.
Conclusions
Method biases apparently reflect implicit personality theory (IPT)—beliefs about how traits and trait indicators covary. We discuss the (collective) accuracy and possible origins of IPT. Because method biases limit the accuracy of single‐source assessments, we recommend assessments that combine information from two or more informants.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology Q Science > QA Mathematics |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | |||||||||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Personality tests -- Methodology, Factor analysis | |||||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Personality | |||||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc. | |||||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 0022-3506 | |||||||||||||||
| Official Date: | August 2019 | |||||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 87 | |||||||||||||||
| Number: | 4 | |||||||||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 813-826 | |||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1111/jopy.12435 | |||||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||||||||
| Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | "This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: McCrae RR, Mõttus R, Hřebíčková M, Realo A, Allik J. Source method biases as implicit personality theory at the domain and facet levels. J Pers. 2018;00:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12435 which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12435. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions." | |||||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | |||||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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