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Edward M. Hill, Thomas House, Madhur S. Dhingra, Wantanee Kalpravidh, Subhash Morzaria, Muzaffar G. Osmani, Eric Brum, Mat Yamage, Md. A. Kalam, Diann J. Prosser, John Y. Takekawa, Xiangming Xiao, Marius Gilbert, Michael J. Tildesley
The impact of surveillance and control on highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in poultry in Dhaka division, Bangladesh
www.ploscompbiol.org
www.ploscompbiol.org
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(10)Tj
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(11)Tj
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(12)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
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3.9174 0 Td
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(that)Tj
1.7801 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(entire)Tj
2.5568 0 Td
(premises)Tj
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(can)Tj
1.6214 0 Td
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1.1509 0 Td
(classified)Tj
-33.6867 -1.2983 Td
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1.0147 0 Td
(Susceptible)Tj
4.6885 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(\),)Tj
1.5817 0 Td
(Infected)Tj
3.4923 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()]TJ
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(\),)Tj
1.457 0 Td
(Reported)Tj
3.9061 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()2()2()]TJ
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(\))Tj
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(or)Tj
1.0999 0 Td
(Culled)Tj
2.8573 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()]TJ
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(\).)Tj
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1.7858 0 Td
(reporting)Tj
3.9911 0 Td
(delay,)Tj
2.5285 0 Td
(time)Tj
2.0296 0 Td
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(a)Tj
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1.0261 0 Td
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2.2053 0 Td
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2.0353 0 Td
[()]TJ
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0.5499 0 Td
(to)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
1.0205 0 Td
[()2()2()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
1.9048 0 Td
(accounts)Tj
3.7474 0 Td
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-36.3682 -1.2982 Td
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0.6519 0 Td
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3.7644 0 Td
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2.4321 0 Td
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2.7382 0 Td
(clinical)Tj
3.0785 0 Td
(signs)Tj
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(H5N1)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
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(which)Tj
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(26)Tj
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1.1849 0 Td
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1.4683 0 Td
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1.3833 0 Td
(premises)Tj
3.7644 0 Td
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1.0261 0 Td
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2.5795 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.474 0 Td
(relevant)Tj
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(authorities)Tj
4.5013 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(21)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.075 0 Td
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2.6532 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
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3.1408 0 Td
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3.8891 0 Td
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1.7008 0 Td
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3.5319 0 Td
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1.3266 0 Td
(assumed)Tj
3.6737 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(premises)Tj
3.7644 0 Td
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1.7007 0 Td
(not)Tj
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5.0116 0 Td
(once)Tj
2.1259 0 Td
(culled.)Tj
-5.9413 -1.2982 Td
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1.7858 0 Td
(force)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
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1.0148 0 Td
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3.7927 0 Td
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3.0274 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.6519 0 Td
(susceptible)Tj
4.5751 0 Td
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3.7644 0 Td
[()]TJ
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0.4876 0 Td
(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
(day)Tj
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1.6384 0 Td
[()]TJ
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0.5159 0 Td
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1.7007 0 Td
(comprised)Tj
4.4391 0 Td
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1.0148 0 Td
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1.7064 0 Td
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(\(i\))Tj
1.1678 0 Td
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1.4684 0 Td
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2.2336 0 Td
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1.0148 0 Td
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4.1329 0 Td
(by)Tj
1.1848 0 Td
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1.2019 0 Td
(infectious)Tj
4.1272 0 Td
(premises)Tj
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3.7644 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
0.4762 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F13 1 Tf
()Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 454.0535 367.937 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()12( )]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 457.9653 369.6377 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(\),)Tj
0.788 0 Td
(\(ii\))Tj
1.4343 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(`spark')Tj
2.8403 0 Td
(term)Tj
2.1316 0 Td
(\()Tj
/F14 1 Tf
0 Tc
()Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 543.7984 367.937 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 545.7826 369.6377 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(\))Tj
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-35.1379 -1.3039 Td
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1.389 0 Td
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5.4595 0 Td
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2.126 0 Td
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1.4682 0 Td
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4.4163 0 Td
(transmissibility)Tj
6.3496 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7291 0 Td
(kernel)Tj
2.7269 0 Td
(components)Tj
5.176 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(model)Tj
2.7439 0 Td
([)Tj
0.83 0.64 0.02 0 k
(27)Tj
0 g
(].)Tj
2.0806 0 Td
(This)Tj
1.9843 0 Td
(captures)Tj
3.5773 0 Td
(factors)Tj
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(such)Tj
2.0522 0 Td
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1.0092 0 Td
(importations)Tj
5.4141 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.1997 0 Td
(outside)Tj
3.1237 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(study)Tj
2.3811 0 Td
(region)Tj
2.8006 0 Td
(and)Tj
1.7234 0 Td
(transmission)Tj
5.3575 0 Td
(from)Tj
2.1996 0 Td
(virus-contaminat)Tj
6.9164 0 Td
(ed)Tj
-36.6459 -1.3039 Td
(environments)Tj
5.7883 0 Td
(\(i.e.)Tj
1.7064 0 Td
(fomites\).)Tj
3.7474 0 Td
(Further,)Tj
3.4923 0 Td
(despite)Tj
3.0387 0 Td
(backyard)Tj
3.8664 0 Td
(poultry)Tj
3.1464 0 Td
(not)Tj
1.5704 0 Td
(being)Tj
2.4321 0 Td
(explicitly)Tj
3.8325 0 Td
(included)Tj
-32.6209 -1.2983 Td
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2.8119 0 Td
(these)Tj
2.2564 0 Td
(models)Tj
3.1011 0 Td
(its)Tj
1.1451 0 Td
(contribution)Tj
5.2951 0 Td
(to)Tj
1.0262 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(force)Tj
2.2337 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(infection)Tj
3.7927 0 Td
(could)Tj
2.4491 0 Td
(be)Tj
1.1509 0 Td
(incorporated)Tj
5.4141 0 Td
(into)Tj
/F14 1 Tf
0 Tc
1.8424 0 Td
()Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 554.0031 302.9669 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 555.9874 304.611 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(.)Tj
-34.401 -1.2982 Td
(As)Tj
1.2699 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.652 0 Td
(result,)Tj
2.6759 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(total)Tj
2.0013 0 Td
(force)Tj
2.2336 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(infection)Tj
3.7928 0 Td
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1.542 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(following)Tj
3.9799 0 Td
(general)Tj
3.1351 0 Td
(form:)Tj
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0 Tc
-14.1222 -2.846 Td
[()-18()18()6()]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
1.7575 0 Td
()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F14 1 Tf
(;)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
1.0999 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
0.3401 0 Td
()Tj
0.6576 0 Td
()Tj
/F16 1 Tf
2.8063 0.9468 Td
(X)Tj
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Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 379.9559 252.5669 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[( )]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
(2)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
1.3039 0 Td
()Tj
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[()]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
0.7276 0 Td
([)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()2()2()]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
3.2222 0 Td
()Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 415.5023 263.1685 cm
BT
/F17 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
(Z)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 420.4913 260.674 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()12( )]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 372.1889 280.2897 cm
BT
/F16 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
( )Tj
5.193 0 Td
(!)Tj
/F12 1 Tf
1.0034 -1.7121 Td
()Tj
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0.9978 0 Td
()Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 448.1007 260.674 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
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[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 450.1984 263.1685 cm
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(:)Tj
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-23.8222 -3.3108 Td
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1.7405 0 Td
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3.7643 0 Td
[( )]TJ
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(against)Tj
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3.7644 0 Td
[()]TJ
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0 Tc
-6.0094 -1.9049 Td
(Z)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 340.4409 182.4944 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()12( )]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 346.8472 184.9889 cm
BT
/F12 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
1.0488 0 Td
[(\n)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 365.0456 189.9779 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5 0 0 5 367.937 188.5039 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 364.3086 182.948 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F14 1 Tf
(;)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 372.9826 184.9889 cm
BT
/F12 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.9977 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 385.9653 182.4944 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 388.7433 184.9889 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[(\n)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 396.3968 189.9779 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5 0 0 5 399.2881 188.5039 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 395.7165 182.948 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F14 1 Tf
(;)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[( )]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 404.3905 184.9889 cm
BT
/F12 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.9921 0 Td
[(\r)]TJ
/F12 1 Tf
0.72 0 Td
()Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
5.9998 0 0 5.9998 430.3559 182.4944 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
[()12( )]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 434.0409 184.9889 cm
BT
/F12 1 Tf
1 TL
0 0 Td
()Tj
/F14 1 Tf
(:)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
-0.004 Tc
-22.2064 -2.398 Td
[(\n)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 218.948 159.307 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 227.5653 161.0078 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(is)Tj
0.8503 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
(total)Tj
2.0012 0 Td
(number)Tj
3.4186 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.0091 0 Td
(chickens)Tj
3.6907 0 Td
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(as)Tj
1.0148 0 Td
(being)Tj
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(on)Tj
1.2756 0 Td
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3.7587 0 Td
[()]TJ
/F7 1 Tf
(,)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
0.7144 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 484.7811 159.307 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 489.77 161.0078 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
0 0 Td
(measures)Tj
3.9401 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4683 0 Td
(individ-)Tj
-34.3839 -1.2982 Td
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1.4286 0 Td
(chicken)Tj
3.3279 0 Td
(transmissibility,)Tj
/F11 1 Tf
6.5763 0 Td
[()]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
7.4999 0 0 6.6659 318.274 146.3244 cm
BT
/F11 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.0053 Tc
0 0 Td
[()12( )]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 j
1 J
0 w
10 0 0 10 324.3968 148.0251 cm
BT
/F7 1 Tf
1 TL
-0.004 Tc
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(is)Tj
0.8503 0 Td
(the)Tj
1.4684 0 Td
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3.5036 0 Td
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3.5263 0 Td
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3.7643 0 Td
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[( )]TJ
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(kilometres,)Tj
4.6601 0 Td
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[(\r)]TJ
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5.3632 0 Td
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1.0262 0 Td
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1.9389 0 Td
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1.4684 0 Td
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3.1407 0 Td
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4.235 0 Td
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3.7927 0 Td
(varies)Tj
2.5285 0 Td
(with)Tj
1.9956 0 Td
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1.7801 0 Td
(model)Tj
2.744 0 Td
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1.7688 0 Td
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5.4141 0 Td
(power)Tj
2.7268 0 Td
(law)Tj
1.5818 0 Td
(exponents)Tj
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(on)Tj
1.2755 0 Td
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