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Mobile elements drive recombination hotspots in the core genome of Staphylococcus aureus

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Everitt, Richard G., Didelot, Xavier, Batty, Elizabeth M., Miller, Ruth R, Knox, Kyle, Young, Bernadette C., Bowden, Rory, Auton, Adam, Votintseva, Antonina, Larner-Svensson, Hanna, Charlesworth, Jane, Golubchik, Tanya, Ip, Camilla L. C., Godwin, Heather, Fung, Rowena, Peto, Tim E. A., Walker, A. Sarah, Crook, Derrick W. and Wilson, Daniel J. (2014) Mobile elements drive recombination hotspots in the core genome of Staphylococcus aureus. Nature Communications, 5 (1). 3956. doi:10.1038/ncomms4956

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4956

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Abstract

Horizontal gene transfer is an important driver of bacterial evolution, but genetic exchange in the core genome of clonal species, including the major pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, is incompletely understood. Here we reveal widespread homologous recombination in S. aureus at the species level, in contrast to its near-complete absence between closely related strains. We discover a patchwork of hotspots and coldspots at fine scales falling against a backdrop of broad-scale trends in rate variation. Over megabases, homoplasy rates fluctuate 1.9-fold, peaking towards the origin-of-replication. Over kilobases, we find core recombination hotspots of up to 2.5-fold enrichment situated near fault lines in the genome associated with mobile elements. The strongest hotspots include regions flanking conjugative transposon ICE6013, the staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) and genomic island νSaα. Mobile element-driven core genome transfer represents an opportunity for adaptation and challenges our understanding of the recombination landscape in predominantly clonal pathogens, with important implications for genotype–phenotype mapping.

Item Type: Journal Article
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Journal or Publication Title: Nature Communications
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
ISSN: 2041-1723
Official Date: 23 May 2014
Dates:
DateEvent
23 May 2014Published
24 April 2014Accepted
Volume: 5
Number: 1
Article Number: 3956
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4956
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access

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