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Implicit stereotypes and the predictive brain : cognition and culture in “biased” person perception

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Hinton, Perry R. (2017) Implicit stereotypes and the predictive brain : cognition and culture in “biased” person perception. Palgrave Communications, 3 . 17086. doi:10.1057/palcomms.2017.86

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palcomms.2017.86

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Abstract

Over the last 30 years there has been growing research into the concept of implicit stereotypes. Particularly using the Implicit Associations Test, it has been demonstrated that experimental participants show a response bias in support of a stereotypical association, such as “young” and “good” (and “old” and “bad”) indicating evidence of an implicit age stereotype. This has been found even for people who consciously reject the use of such stereotypes, and seek to be fair in their judgement of other people. This finding has been interpreted as a “cognitive bias”, implying an implicit prejudice within the individual. This article challenges that view: it is argued that implicit stereotypical associations (like any other implicit associations) have developed through the ordinary working of “the predictive brain”. The predictive brain is assumed to operate through Bayesian principles, developing associations through experience of their prevalence in the social world of the perceiver. If the predictive brain were to sample randomly or comprehensively then stereotypical associations would not be picked up if they did not represent the state of the world. However, people are born into culture, and communicate within social networks. Thus, the implicit stereotypical associations picked up by an individual do not reflect a cognitive bias but the associations prevalent within their culture—evidence of “culture in mind”. Therefore to understand implicit stereotypes, research should examine more closely the way associations are communicated within social networks rather than focusing exclusively on an implied cognitive bias of the individual.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions: Faculty of Social Sciences > Centre for Applied Linguistics
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Stereotypes (Social psychology), Cognition, Discrimination, Culture, Social networks, Old age -- Psychological aspects
Journal or Publication Title: Palgrave Communications
Publisher: Palgrave
ISSN: 2055-1045
Official Date: 1 September 2017
Dates:
DateEvent
1 September 2017Published
17 July 2017Accepted
Volume: 3
Article Number: 17086
DOI: 10.1057/palcomms.2017.86
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access

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