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High-resolution ALMA observations of HD100546 : asymmetric circumstellar ring, and circumplanetary disk upper limits

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Pineda, J. E., Szulágyi, J., Quanz, S. P., van Dishoeck, E. F., Garufi, A., Meru, F., Mulders, G. D., Testi, L., Meyer, M. R. and Reggiani, M. (2019) High-resolution ALMA observations of HD100546 : asymmetric circumstellar ring, and circumplanetary disk upper limits. The Astrophysical Journal, 871 (1). 48. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaf389

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf389

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Abstract

We present long baseline Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the 870μm dust continuum emission and CO (3-2) from the protoplanetary disk around the Herbig Ae/Be star HD 100546, which is one of the few systems claimed to have two young embedded planets. These observations achieve a resolution of 4 au (3.8 mas), an rms noise of 66μJy/beam, and reveal an asymmetric ring between ∼20-40 au with largely optically thin dust continuum emission. This ring is well fit by two concentric and overlapping Gaussian rings of different widths and a Vortex. In addition, an unresolved component is detected at a position consistent with the central star, which may trace the central inner disk (<2au in radius). We report a lack of compact continuum emission at the positions of both claimed protoplanets. We use this result to constrain the circumplanetary disk (CPD) mass and size of 1.44MEarth and 0.44au in the optically thin and thick regime, respectively, for the case of the previously directly imaged protoplanet candidate at ∼55 au (HD100546 b). We compare these empirical CPD constraints to previous numerical simulations. This suggests that HD100546 b is inconsistent with several planet accretion models, while gas-starved models are also still compatible. We estimate the planetary mass as 1.65 MJ by using the relation between planet, circumstellar, and circumplanetary masses derived from numerical simulations. Finally, the CO integrated intensity map shows a possible spiral arm feature that would match the spiral features identified in Near-Infrared scattered light polarized emission, which suggests a real spiral feature in the disk surface that needs to be confirmed with further observations.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QB Astronomy
Q Science > QC Physics
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Physics
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Protoplanetary disks , Circumstellar matter, Interferometry, Planetary rings
Journal or Publication Title: The Astrophysical Journal
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc.
ISSN: 0004-637X
Official Date: 21 January 2019
Dates:
DateEvent
21 January 2019Available
21 November 2018Accepted
Date of first compliant deposit: 21 January 2019
Volume: 871
Number: 1
Article Number: 48
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaf389
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Copyright Holders: American Astronomical Society
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
320620H2020 European Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663
PZ00P2_174115[SNSF] Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschunghttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001711
UNSPECIFIED[SNSF] Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschunghttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001711
UNSPECIFIEDLeverhulme Trusthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000275
UNSPECIFIEDIsaac Newton Trusthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004815
UNSPECIFIED[RS] Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000288
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