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A role for tetracycline selection in recent evolution of agriculture-associated clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078
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Dingle, Kate E., Didelot, Xavier, Quan, T. Phuong, Eyre, David W., Stoesser, Nicole, Marwick, Charis A., Coia, John, Brown, Derek, Buchanan, Sarah, Ijaz, Umer Z., Goswami, Cosmika, Douce, Gill, Fawley, Warren N., Wilcox, Mark H., Peto, Timothy E. A., Walker, A. Sarah, Crook, Derrick W. and Keim, Paul (2019) A role for tetracycline selection in recent evolution of agriculture-associated clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078. mBio, 10 (2). pp. 1-19. e02790. doi:10.1128/mBio.02790-18 ISSN 2150-7511.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.02790-18
Abstract
The increasing clinical importance of human infections (frequently severe) caused by Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 (RT078) was first reported in 2008. The severity of symptoms (mortality of ≤30%) and the higher proportion of infections among community and younger patients raised concerns. Farm animals, especially pigs, have been identified as RT078 reservoirs. We aimed to understand the recent changes in RT078 epidemiology by investigating a possible role for antimicrobial selection in its recent evolutionary history. Phylogenetic analysis of international RT078 genomes (isolates from 2006 to 2014, n = 400), using time-scaled, recombination-corrected, maximum likelihood phylogenies, revealed several recent clonal expansions. A common ancestor of each expansion had independently acquired a different allele of the tetracycline resistance gene tetM. Consequently, an unusually high proportion (76.5%) of RT078 genomes were tetM positive. Multiple additional tetracycline resistance determinants were also identified (including efflux pump tet40), frequently sharing a high level of nucleotide sequence identity (up to 100%) with sequences found in the pig pathogen Streptococcus suis and in other zoonotic pathogens such as Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. Each RT078 tetM clonal expansion lacked geographic structure, indicating rapid, recent international spread. Resistance determinants for C. difficile infection-triggering antimicrobials, including fluoroquinolones and clindamycin, were comparatively rare in RT078. Tetracyclines are used intensively in agriculture; this selective pressure, plus rapid, international spread via the food chain, may explain the increased RT078 prevalence in humans. Our work indicates that the use of antimicrobials outside the health care environment has selected for resistant organisms, and in the case of RT078, has contributed to the emergence of a human pathogen.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology S Agriculture > SF Animal culture |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Clostridium difficile, Swine -- Diseases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | mBio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Publisher: | American Society for Microbiology | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 2150-7511 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Official Date: | 12 March 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number: | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 1-19 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Article Number: | e02790 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1128/mBio.02790-18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 2 April 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 2 April 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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