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Maternal early pregnancy body mass index and diurnal salivary cortisol in young adult offspring

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Kumpulainen, Satu M., Heinonen, Kati, Kaseva, Nina, Andersson, Sture, Lano, Aulikki, Reynolds, Rebecca M., Wolke, Dieter, Kajantie, Eero, Eriksson, Johan G. and Räikkönen, Katri (2019) Maternal early pregnancy body mass index and diurnal salivary cortisol in young adult offspring. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 104 . pp. 89-99. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.02.013

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.02.013

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Abstract

Background

Maternal early pregnancy overweight (body mass index [BMI] 25.0–29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) are associated with mental and physical health adversities in the offspring. Prenatal programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been put forward as one of the mechanisms that may play pathophysiological role. However, evidence linking maternal overweight and obesity with offspring HPA-axis activity is scarce. We studied if maternal early pregnancy BMI is associated with diurnal salivary cortisol, a marker of HPA-axis activity, in young adult offspring.

Methods

At a mean age of 25.3 (standard deviation [SD) = 0.6) years, 653 Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study participants collected saliva samples for cortisol analyses, at awakening, 15 and 30 min thereafter, 10:30AM, 12:00PM, 5:30PM and at bedtime. Maternal BMI was calculated from weight and height verified by a measurement in the first antenatal clinic visit before 12 weeks of gestation derived from healthcare records.

Results

Per each one kg/m2 higher maternal early pregnancy BMI offspring diurnal average salivary cortisol was -1.4% (95% CI:-2.6, -0.2, pFDR = 0.033) lower, at awakening it was -2.4% (95% CI:-4.0, -0.7, pFDR = 0.025) lower and the morning average salivary cortisol was -2.0% (95% CI:-3.4, -0.5, pFDR=0.017) lower. These associations were independent of the offspring’s own young adulthood BMI, and other important covariates.

Conclusion

Our findings show that young adult offspring born to mothers with higher early pregnancy BMI show lower average levels of diurnal cortisol, especially in the morning. Whether these findings reflect prenatal programming of the offspring HPA-axis activity warrants further investigation.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: R Medicine > RG Gynecology and obstetrics
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Pregnancy, Body mass index, Pregnant women, Hydrocortisone
Journal or Publication Title: Psychoneuroendocrinology
Publisher: Pergamon
ISSN: 0306-4530
Official Date: June 2019
Dates:
DateEvent
June 2019Published
15 February 2019Available
13 February 2019Accepted
Volume: 104
Page Range: pp. 89-99
DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.02.013
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
0706224Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologiehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004937
0706564Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologiehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004937
01EP9504Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologiehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004937
UNSPECIFIEDLastentautien Tutkimussäätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005744
UNSPECIFIEDAcademy of Finlandhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002341
UNSPECIFIEDFinska Läkaresällskapethttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010135
UNSPECIFIEDSigne ja Ane Gyllenbergin Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004325
UNSPECIFIEDStiftelsen Dorothea Olivia, Karl Walter och Jarl Walter Perkléns Minnehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010119
SC1-2016-RTD-733280 RECAPH2020 European Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663
UNSPECIFIEDSigrid Juséliuksen Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006306
UNSPECIFIEDEmil Aaltosen SäätiöUNSPECIFIED
UNSPECIFIEDNovo Nordisk Fondenhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009708
UNSPECIFIEDSydäntutkimussäätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100005633
UNSPECIFIEDJuho Vainion Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004037
UNSPECIFIEDSamfundet Folkhälsanhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004810
UNSPECIFIEDPäivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin Säätiöhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004212
UNSPECIFIEDTommy'shttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009324
UNSPECIFIEDBritish Heart Foundationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000274
UNSPECIFIEDHelsingin Yliopistohttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007797

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