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French and British colonial legacies in education : evidence from the partition of Cameroon

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Dupraz, Yannick (2019) French and British colonial legacies in education : evidence from the partition of Cameroon. Journal of Economic History, 79 (3). pp. 628-668. doi:10.1017/S0022050719000299

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022050719000299

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Abstract

Cameroon was partitioned between France and the United Kingdom after WWI and then reunited after independence. I use this natural experiment to investigate colonial legacies in education, using a border discontinuity analysis of historical census microdata from 1976. I find that men born in the decades following partition had, all else equal, one more year of schooling if they were born in the British part. This positive British effect disappeared after 1950, as the French increased education expenditure, and because of favoritism in school supply towards the Francophone side after reunification. Using 2005 census microdata, I find that the British advantage resurfaced more recently: Cameroonians born after 1970 are more likely to finish high school, attend a university, and have a high-skilled occupation if they were born in the former British part. I explain this result by the legacy of high grade repetition rates in the French-speaking education system and their detrimental effect on dropout.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: D History General and Old World > DT Africa
L Education > LG Individual institutions (Asia. Africa)
Divisions: Faculty of Social Sciences > Economics
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Education -- Cameroon -- History, Education -- France -- Colonies , Education -- Great Britain -- Colonies , Education and state -- Cameroon, Cameroon -- Colonial influence
Journal or Publication Title: Journal of Economic History
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISSN: 0022-0507
Official Date: September 2019
Dates:
DateEvent
September 2019Published
5 September 2019Available
28 March 2019Accepted
Volume: 79
Number: 3
Page Range: pp. 628-668
DOI: 10.1017/S0022050719000299
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Copyright Holders: © The Economic History Association 2019
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
UNSPECIFIEDMinistère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche  et de l'Innovationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100012948
Afristory projectAgence Nationale pour le Développement de la Recherche Universitairehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008952
UNSPECIFIEDAix-Marseille Universitéhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007586
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