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Impact of the introduction of rotavirus vaccine on hospital admissions for diarrhoea among children in Kenya : a controlled interrupted time series analysis
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(2020) Impact of the introduction of rotavirus vaccine on hospital admissions for diarrhoea among children in Kenya : a controlled interrupted time series analysis. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 70 (11). pp. 2306-2313. doi:10.1093/cid/ciz912 ISSN 1058-4838.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz912
Abstract
Introduction
Monovalent rotavirus vaccine, RotarixTM, was introduced in Kenya in July 2014, is recommended to infants as oral doses at ages 6 and 10 weeks. A multi-site study was established in two population based surveillance sites to evaluate vaccine impact on the incidence of rotavirus-associated hospitalisations (RVH).
Methods
Hospital-based surveillance was conducted from January 2010 to June 2017 for acute diarrhoea hospitalisations among children aged <5 years in two health facilities in Kenya. A controlled interrupted time series analysis was undertaken to compare RVH pre and post vaccine introduction using rotavirus negative cases as a control series. The change in incidence post vaccine introduction was estimated from a negative binomial model that adjusted for secular trend, seasonality and multiple health worker industrial actions (strikes).
Results
Between January 2010 and June 2017 there were 1513 and 1652 diarrhoea hospitalisations in Kilifi and Siaya; among those tested for rotavirus, 28% (315/1142) and 23% (197/877) were positive, respectively. There was a 57% (95% CI: 8 to 80) reduction in RVH observed in the first year post vaccine introduction in Kilifi and a 59% (95% CI: 20 to 79) reduction in Siaya. In the second year, RVH decreased further at both sites, 80% (95% CI: 46 to 93) reduction in Kilifi and 82% reduction in Siaya (95% CI: 61 to 92), and this reduction was sustained at both sites into the third year.
Conclusions
A substantial reduction of RVH and all-cause diarrhoea has been observed in two demographic surveillance sites in Kenya within 3 years of vaccine introduction.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QR Microbiology R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Rotaviruses -- Kenya, Rotavirus infections -- Kenya , Rotavirus infections -- Vaccination, Diarrhea in children -- Kenya , Hospitals -- Admission and discharge -- Kenya | ||||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Clinical Infectious Diseases | ||||||||||||
Publisher: | Oxford University Press | ||||||||||||
ISSN: | 1058-4838 | ||||||||||||
Official Date: | 1 June 2020 | ||||||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 70 | ||||||||||||
Number: | 11 | ||||||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 2306-2313 | ||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1093/cid/ciz912 | ||||||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 5 August 2019 | ||||||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 25 September 2019 | ||||||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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