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The Forensic Restrictiveness Questionnaire : development, validation and revision
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Tomlin, Jack, Völlm, Birgit Angela, Furtado, Vivek, Egan, Vincent and Bartlett, Peter (2019) The Forensic Restrictiveness Questionnaire : development, validation and revision. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10 . 805. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00805
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00805
Abstract
Introduction: Forensic psychiatric care is often practiced in closed institutions. These highly regulated, secure, and prescriptive environments arguably reduce patient autonomy, self-expression, and personhood. Taken together these settings are restrictive as patients’ active participation in clinical, organizational, community, and personal life-worlds are curtailed. The consequences of patients’ experiences of restrictiveness have not been explored empirically. This study aimed to develop a psychometrically-valid measure of experiences of restrictiveness. This paper presents the development, validation, and revision of the Forensic Restrictiveness Questionnaire (FRQ).
Methods: In total, 235 patients recruited from low, medium, and high secure hospitals across England completed the FRQ. The dimensionality of the 56-item FRQ was tested using Principle Axis Factor Analysis and parallel analysis. Internal consistency was explored with Cronbach’s α. Ward climate (EssenCES) and quality of life (FQL-SV) questionnaires were completed by participants as indicators of convergent validity. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Cronbach’s α guided the removal of items that did not scale adequately.
Results: The analysis indicated good psychometric properties. EFA revealed a unidimensional structure, suggesting a single latent factor. Convergent validity was confirmed as the FRQ was significantly negatively correlated with quality of life (Spearman’s ρ = −0.72) and ward climate (Spearman’s ρ = −0.61). Internal consistency was strong (α = 0.93). Forty-one items were removed from the pilot FRQ. The data indicate that a final 15-item FRQ is a valid and internally reliable measure.
Conclusion: The FRQ offers a novel and helpful method for clinicians and researchers to measure and explore forensic patients’ experiences of restrictiveness within secure hospitals.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Journal or Publication Title: | Frontiers in Psychiatry | ||||||||
| Publisher: | Frontiers Research Foundation | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 1664-0640 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | 15 November 2019 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Date of first compliant deposit: | 14 October 2019 | ||||||||
| Volume: | 10 | ||||||||
| Article Number: | 805 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00805 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access |
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