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Electrochemical mechanics of metal thin films : charge‐induced reversible surface stress for actuation
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Cheng, Chuan, Grant, Patrick S. and Lührs, Lukas (2020) Electrochemical mechanics of metal thin films : charge‐induced reversible surface stress for actuation. Advanced Electronic Materials , 6 . 1900364. doi:10.1002/aelm.201900364 ISSN 2199-160X.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201900364
Abstract
The intrinsic charge‐induced surface stress of Ni thin films during electrochemical reactions with an alkaline electrolyte is measured in situ. Surface stresses induced by H absorption/desorption, α‐Ni(OH)2 formation, capacitive double‐layer charging, the α‐ to β‐Ni(OH)2 transformation, and β‐Ni(OH)2/β‐NiOOH redox reactions are identified, and each provided additive contributions to the overall stress state. Surface stresses are magnified in high‐surface‐area nanoporous Ni because local stress‐relaxation mechanisms are restricted when compared to a smooth Ni film. Ni film reversible tensile/compressive surface stresses correlate with anodic/cathodic potential scanning but with an opposite trend to that of a less reactive Au film. Surface stresses in the Ni films are up to 40 times that of Au films and suggest the possibility of using controlled surface‐stress generation for electrochemical actuation.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Electrochemistry, Actuators, Electrocapillary phenomena, Nanostructured materials, Metals -- Surfaces | ||||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Advanced Electronic Materials | ||||||||||||
Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. | ||||||||||||
ISSN: | 2199-160X | ||||||||||||
Official Date: | January 2020 | ||||||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 6 | ||||||||||||
Article Number: | 1900364 | ||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1002/aelm.201900364 | ||||||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Cheng, C., Grant, P. S., Lührs, L., Electrochemical Mechanics of Metal Thin Films: Charge‐Induced Reversible Surface Stress for Actuation. Adv. Electron. Mater. 2020, 6, 1900364. https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201900364, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201900364. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. | ||||||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 25 November 2019 | ||||||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 25 November 2019 | ||||||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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