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Testing the neurodevelopmental, trauma and developmental risk factor models of psychosis using a naturalistic experiment
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Liu, Yiwen, Mendonca, Marina, Johnson, Samantha, O'Reilly, Helen, Bartmann, Peter, Marlow, Neil and Wolke, Dieter (2021) Testing the neurodevelopmental, trauma and developmental risk factor models of psychosis using a naturalistic experiment. Psychological Medicine, 51 (3). pp. 460-469. doi:10.1017/S0033291719003349
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291719003349
Abstract
Background:
The neurodevelopmental and trauma theories are two widely cited models of psychosis. A third – the developmental risk factor model (DRFM) – recognises the combined role of neurodevelopmental risks and trauma. Our objective was to test these theories using preterm populations as a natural experiment, given the high prevalence of neurodevelopmental deficits and exposure to trauma.
Methods:
Two population-based preterm birth cohorts, the Bavarian Longitudinal Study (BLS; N = 399) and EPICure Study (N = 184), were included with term-born controls. Peer victimisation in childhood was assessed by parent and child report and psychotic experiences (PE) were assessed in early adulthood. Different models of psychosis were tested using regression and mediation analyses.
Results:
There was support for the trauma and DRFM in the BLS. Peer victimisation increased the risk of PE for preterm and term-born participants equally [odds ratio = 4.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.96–12.08]. There was an indirect effect where preterm children were more likely to be victimised, which subsequently increased risk of PE [β = 1.12 (s.e. = 0.61), 95% CI 0.11–2.48]. The results were replicated in EPICure.
Conclusions:
Exposure to trauma which is experienced more often by neurodevelopmental risk children rather than neurodevelopmental risk per se increases the risk of PE. The findings are consistent with the trauma model and DRFM. Interventions focused on reducing trauma may reduce the development of PE.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RC Internal medicine R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Neurodevelopmental treatment , Psychic trauma , Psychoses -- Research | ||||||||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Psychological Medicine | ||||||||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Cambridge University Press | ||||||||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 0033-2917 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Official Date: | February 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 51 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Number: | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 460-469 | ||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1017/S0033291719003349 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | This article has been published in a revised form in Psychological Medicine http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291719003349. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution, re-sale or use in derivative works. © Cambridge University Press 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||||||||||||
| Copyright Holders: | Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 | ||||||||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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