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Gender and the culture of the English alehouse in late Stuart England

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Capp, Bernard. (2007) Gender and the culture of the English alehouse in late Stuart England. COLLeGIUM: Studies across Disciplines in the Humanities and Social Sciences 2., Vol.2 . pp. 103-127. ISSN 1796-2986

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Abstract

The world of the alehouse and tavern in early modern England has generally been regarded as primarily male, a view that was deeply embedded in the period itself. This essay explores the place of women within the public house, in serving, buying and consuming alcohol, and the unwritten conventions that underpinned social practice. It argues that while some female customers matched their contemporary image, as disorderly, immoral and dishonest, it was also possible for respectable women to visit a tavern or alehouse without risking their good name, provided they adhered to the conventions. Middling-sort and elite women might drink and dine in London taverns with their husbands, or in mixed parties; throughout England married couples, and mixed groups of young folk, might drink, dance, and socialise; marketwomen might assemble at the end of the day, and chapwomen often lodged overnight. And, at least in London, respectable women might enter a public house alone, by day, without meeting disapproval. Many establishments provided private as well as public rooms, and these created social spaces for female customers, couples and mixed parties, serving different needs than those met within the main public space.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: H Social Sciences > HQ The family. Marriage. Woman
H Social Sciences > HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform
D History General and Old World > DA Great Britain
Divisions: Faculty of Arts > History
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Bars (Drinking establishments) -- Great Britain, Women -- Alcohol use, Great Britain -- History -- 17th Century
Journal or Publication Title: COLLeGIUM: Studies across Disciplines in the Humanities and Social Sciences 2.
Publisher: Collegium
ISSN: 1796-2986
Date: 2007
Volume: Vol.2
Page Range: pp. 103-127
Status: Peer Reviewed
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
Description: Version accepted by publisher (post-print, after peer review, before copy-editing).
Version or Related Resource: Korhonen, A. and Lowe, K. (eds.) (2007) The trouble with ribs : women, men and gender in Early Modern Europe. COLLeGIUM: Women, Men and Gender in Early Modern Europe Studies across Disciplines in the Humanities and Social Sciences 2. Helsinki: Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies.
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Morehouse, in Yorkshire Diaries, Surtees Society, 65. Durham: Andrews. Fiennes, Celia 1947. The Journeys of Celia Fiennes. Ed. Christopher Morris. London: Cresset Press. The Gossips Braule 1655. London: no publisher given. Gough, Richard 1981 (1834). The History of Myddle. Ed. David Hey. Harmondsworth: Penguin. Hilder, Thomas 1653. Conjugall Counsell. London: John Stafford. Josselin, Ralph 1976. The Diary of Ralph Josselin, 1616–1683. Ed. Alan Macfarlane. London: Oxford University Press. Lenton, Francis 1631. Characterismi: or Lentons Leasures Expressed in Essayes and Characters. London: Roger Michell. Lowe, Roger 1938. The Diary of Roger Lowe, of Ashton-in-Makerfi eld, Lancashire 1663–1674. Ed. William L. Sachse. London & New York: Longmans, Green and Co. Lupton, Donald 1632. London and the City Carbonadoed. London: pr. By Nicholas Okes. Mercurius Democritus 1653. London: no publisher given. The New Brawle, or Turnmill-Street against Rosemary Lane 1654. London: no publisher given. A Notable and Pleasant History of the Famous and Renowned Knights of the Blade, Commonly Called Hectors 1652. London: Richard Harper. Pepys, Samuel 1987. The Pepys Ballads, vol. 4. Ed. W. G. Day. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer. — 1995 (1970–1983). The Diary of Samuel Pepys. Ed. Robert Latham & William Matthews. London: HarperCollins. Capp 126 Platter, Thomas 1937. Thomas Platter’s Travels in England 1599. Ed. Clare Williams. London: Cape. A Relation, or Rather a True Account, of the Island of England 1847. Ed. Charlotte Sneyd. Camden Society, Old Series, xxxvii. London: Camden Society. Rowlands, Samuel 1880 (1602, 1609). The Complete Works of Samuel Rowlands. Ed. S. J. Herrtage. Glasgow: Hunterian Club. Skelton, John 1931. The Complete Poems of John Skelton, Laureate. Ed. Philip Henderson. London & Toronto: J. M. Dent. Ward, Ned 1955 (1703). The London Spy. Ed. Kenneth Fenwick. London: Folio Society. Printed secondary sources Addy, John 1989. Sin and Society in the Seventeenth Century. London and New York: Routledge. Bennett, Judith 1996. Ale, Beer, and Brewsters in England. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Braithwaite, William C. 1923. The Beginnings of Quakerism. London: Macmillan. Capp, Bernard 1996. Separate Domains? Women and Authority in Early Modern England. In Paul Griffi ths, Adam Fox, Steve Hindle (eds.) The Experience of Authority in Early Modern England. Basingstoke: Macmillan. 117–145. — 2003. When Gossips Meet. Women, Family and Neighbourhood in Early Modern England. Oxford: Oxford University Press. — 2004. Gender, Conscience and Casuistry: Woman and Confl icting Obligations in Early Modern England. In Harald Braun & Edward Vallance (eds.) Contexts of Conscience in Early Modern Europe 1500–1700. Basingstoke: Palgrave. 116–131. Clark, Peter 1983. The English Alehouse. A Social History 1200–1830. London & New York: Longman. Collinson, Patrick 1981. The Religion of Protestants. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Dabhoiwala, Faramerz 2000. The Pattern of Sexual Immorality in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth- Century London. In Paul Griffi ths & Mark S. R. Jenner (eds.) Londinopolis. Essays in the Cultural and Social History of Early Modern London. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 86–106. Earle, Peter 1989. The Making of the English Middle Class. London: Methuen. — 1994. A City Full of People. Men and Women of London 1650–1750. London: Methuen. Gowing, Laura 1996. Domestic Dangers: Women, Words and Sex in Early Modern London. Oxford: Claredon Press. Hogarth, William 1989 (1965). Hogarth’s Graphic Works. Ed. Ronald Paulson. London: The Print Room. Kümin, Beat & B. Ann Tlusty 2002. The World of the Tavern. The Public House in Early Modern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate. Martin, A. Lynn 2001. Alcohol, Sex, and Gender in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Prior, Mary (ed.) 1985. Women in English Society 1500–1800. London & New York: Methuen. Quaife, G. R. 1979. Wanton Wenches and Wayward Wives. Peasants and Illicit Sex in Early Seventeenth Century England. London: Croom Helm. Spufford, Margaret 1984. The Great Reclothing of Rural England. London: Hambledon Press. Tlusty, B. Ann 2001. Bacchus and Civic Order. The Culture of Drink in Early Modern Germany. Charlottesville, Florida: University Press of Virginia. Gender and the Culture of the English Alehouse 127 Walker, Garthine 1994. Women, Theft, and the World of Stolen Goods. In Jenny Kermode & Garthine Walker (eds.) Women, Crime and the Courts in Early Modern England. London: UCL Press. 81–105. — 2003. Crime, Gender and Social Order in Early Modern England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Other material Proceedings of the Old Bailey (POB), 1674–1834. Online. Available at <http://oldbaileyonline.org>.
URI: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/132

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