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Symbiotic outcome modified by the diversification from 7 to over 700 nodule specific cysteine rich peptides
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Roy, Proyash, Achom, Mingkee, Wilkinson, Helen, Lagunas, Beatriz and Gifford, Miriam L. (2020) Symbiotic outcome modified by the diversification from 7 to over 700 nodule specific cysteine rich peptides. Genes, 11 (4). 348. doi:10.3390/genes11040348
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11040348
Abstract
Legume-rhizobium symbiosis represents one of the most successfully co-evolved mutualisms. Within nodules, the bacterial cells undergo distinct metabolic and morphological changes and differentiate into nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. Legumes in the inverted repeat lacking clade (IRLC) employ an array of defensin-like small secreted peptides (SSPs), known as nodule-specific cysteine-rich (NCR) peptides, to regulate bacteroid differentiation and activity. While most NCRs exhibit bactericidal effects in vitro, studies confirm that inside nodules they target the bacterial cell cycle and other cellular pathways to control and extend rhizobial differentiation into an irreversible (or terminal) state where the host gains control over bacteroids. While NCRs are well established as positive regulators of effective symbiosis, more recent findings also suggest that NCRs affect partner compatibility. The extent of bacterial differentiation has been linked to species-specific size and complexity of the NCR gene family that varies even among closely related species, suggesting a more recent origin of NCRs followed by rapid expansion in certain species. NCRs have diversified functionally, as well as in their expression patterns and responsiveness, likely driving further functional specialisation. In this review, we evaluate the functions of NCR peptides and their role as a driving force underlying the outcome of rhizobial symbiosis, where the plant is able to determine the outcome of rhizobial interaction in a temporal and spatial manner.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history Q Science > QK Botany Q Science > QP Physiology Q Science > QR Microbiology S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) S Agriculture > SB Plant culture |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- ) | ||||||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Symbiosis, Legumes , Peptides, Genomes, Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, Plant-microbe relationships | ||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Genes | ||||||||||||
| Publisher: | M D P I AG | ||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 2073-4425 | ||||||||||||
| Official Date: | 25 March 2020 | ||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 11 | ||||||||||||
| Number: | 4 | ||||||||||||
| Article Number: | 348 | ||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.3390/genes11040348 | ||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access | ||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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