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Contingent electric shock as a treatment for challenging behavior for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities : support for the IASSIDD policy statement opposing its use
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Zarcone, J., Mullane, M. P., Langdon, Peter E. and Brown, I. (2020) Contingent electric shock as a treatment for challenging behavior for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities : support for the IASSIDD policy statement opposing its use. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 17 (4). pp. 291-296. doi:10.1111/jppi.12342 ISSN 1741-1122.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/jppi.12342
Abstract
Issues: The International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IASSIDD) is an international group of researchers, clinicians, students, parents, and self-advocates that promotes worldwide research and exchange of information on intellectual and developmental disabilities. IASSIDD recently developed a policy statement regarding their opposition to the use of contingent electric skin shock (CESS) with individuals with challenging behaviour and intellectual and developmental disabilities. To support the policy, the available literature was reviewed to evaluate the efficacy, side effects, generalization, and long-term effectiveness of the procedure as an intervention for challenging behaviour. Findings: The review provides a history that demonstrates that, although CESS can decrease the frequency of challenging behaviour, it comes at a cost in terms of physical and emotional side effects, and questions remain regarding the long-term effectiveness of the procedure. In addition, we raise several ethical and methodological issues that make the research on the use of CESS even more concerning. Conclusions: Although research continues in some countries, these studies are now rare. In fact, in the United States, the Food and Drug Administration has just banned the use of such devices with individuals with self-injury and aggression (Federal Register, 2020). It is hoped that, because there are many other forms of treatment that have shown to be effective for severe challenging behaviour, we can completely avoid the use of CESS.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Social Sciences > Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR) | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities | ||||||||
Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc. | ||||||||
ISSN: | 1741-1122 | ||||||||
Official Date: | December 2020 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 17 | ||||||||
Number: | 4 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 291-296 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1111/jppi.12342 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Re-use Statement: | "This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [FULL CITE], which has been published in final form at [Link to final article using the DOI]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions." | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 20 April 2020 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 4 June 2020 | ||||||||
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