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Salt-concentrated acetate electrolytes for a high voltage aqueous Zn/MnO2 battery
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Chen, Shigang, Lan, Rong, Humphreys, John and Tao, Shanwen (2020) Salt-concentrated acetate electrolytes for a high voltage aqueous Zn/MnO2 battery. Energy Storage Materials, 28 . pp. 205-215. doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2020.03.011
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WRAP-Salt-concentrated-acetate-electrolytes-high-voltage-aqueous-Tao-2020.pdf - Accepted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives 4.0. Download (5Mb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2020.03.011
Abstract
Aqueous rechargeable Zn/MnO2 batteries are attractive due to their low-cost, high safety and use of non-toxic materials. In term of electrolyte materials, it is anticipated that an aqueous electrolyte with a wider electrochemical window will improve the stability and energy density. In this work, we investigated salt-concentrated electrolytes based on relatively inexpensive acetate salts. An electrochemical window of 3.4 V was achieved in salt-concentrated 1 m Zn(OAc)2+31 m KOAc electrolyte. Its total ionic conductivity is 2.96 × 10-2 S cm-1 while the ionic conductivity of Zn2+ ions is 7.80 × 10-3 S cm-1, estimated by a current interrupt method. This electrolyte is regarded as a mild alkaline environment with a pH value of 9.76, causing the different storage mechanism for anode with Zn2+ ions and, cathode with OH- ions as the charge carriers respectively. A Zn/MnO2 battery was assembled using 1 m Zn(OAc)2+31 m KOAc electrolyte, self-supported α-MnO2-TiN/TiO2 cathode and Zn foil anode. The Zn/MnO2 battery can be charged to 2.0 V versus Zn/Zn2+ and delivers discharge capacity and energy density of 304.6 mAh·g-1 (calculated on the mass of MnO2) or 0.32 mAh·cm-2 (calculated on the area of electrode) and, 368.5 Wh·kg-1 (calculated on the mass of MnO2) or 232.7 Wh·kg-1 (calculated on the total active mass of electrodes and electrolyte) in the first cycle under a current density of 100 mA·g-1 (~ C/3, based on the mass of MnO2) or 0.1 mA·cm-2 (based on the area of electrode). During cycling, the coulombic efficiency can be maintained around 99% and reached 99.9% during the 14-340th cycles. After the cycling tests, almost no dendrites were observed on the Zn foil anode attributing to the super-high salt concentration in that acetate-based electrolyte, which will benefit the stability of aqueous Zn/MnO2 batteries.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering | ||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Storage batteries, Acetates, Electrolyte solutions | ||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Energy Storage Materials | ||||||||
| Publisher: | Elsevier | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 2405-8297 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | June 2020 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 28 | ||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 205-215 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ensm.2020.03.011 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access |
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