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The role of executive and general cognitive functioning in the attention problems of very and extremely preterm adults
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Eves, Robert, von Mühlenen, Adrian, Mendonca, Marina, Johnson, Samantha, OʼReilly, Helen, Bartmann, Peter, Marlow, Neil and Wolke, Dieter (2020) The role of executive and general cognitive functioning in the attention problems of very and extremely preterm adults. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 41 (6). pp. 461-469. doi:10.1097/DBP.0000000000000806
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WRAP-role-executive-general-cognitive-functioning-attention-problems-very-extremely-preterm-adults-Wolke-2020.pdf - Accepted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (1729Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/DBP.0000000000000806
Abstract
Objective:
To determine whether the attention problems in adults born very preterm/very low birth weight (VP/VLBW; <32 weeks' gestation/<1500 g) or extremely preterm (EP; <26 weeks' gestation) are associated with specific executive or general cognitive deficits.
Method:
Cohorts of VP/VLBW (the Bavarian Longitudinal Study [BLS]) and EP (the EPICure Study) participants were followed from birth to early adulthood, each also following a respective control group. Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms were assessed via self-report in both cohorts and additionally by parent report in the BLS. Participants in both cohorts also had their attention span rated by trained observers. Performed separately in each cohort, hierarchical regression analyses were used to assess whether the association between preterm birth status and attention problems remained after accounting for executive functioning (inhibitory control and working memory) in adulthood, childhood intelligence score (IQ), or sex.
Results:
In the discovery cohort of the BLS, significant differences were found between VP/VLBW adults and controls for parent-rated inattention (p < 0.001). However, for self-reported measures of ADHD, no significant differences were found in the BLS or in the EPICure replication cohort. In both cohorts, observer-rated attention spans were lower for VP/VLBW and EP participants in comparison to their respective control groups (p < 0.001). In final models for the BLS, inhibitory control and childhood IQ were significantly associated with parent-rated inattention symptoms (p < 0.006), whereas working memory and childhood IQ were significantly associated with observer-rated attention span (p < 0.001). The effect of childhood IQ on observer-rated attention span was replicated in EPICure.
Conclusion:
VP/VLBW and EP adults are at increased risk of observer-rated attention problems. These problems were predominantly associated with poorer general cognitive ability in early childhood and somewhat with adult executive functioning.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RC Internal medicine R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Premature infants, Premature infants -- Development, Premature infants -- Intelligence levels, Attention-deficit disorder in adults, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Cognition disorders | ||||||||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics | ||||||||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins | ||||||||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 0196-206X | ||||||||||||||||||
| Official Date: | August 2020 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 41 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Number: | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 461-469 | ||||||||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000806 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics. doi:10.1097/DBP.0000000000000806 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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