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Watermarking of HDR images in the spatial domain with HVS-imperceptibility
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Perez-Daniel, Karina Ruby, Garcia-Ugalde, Francisco and Sanchez Silva, Victor (2020) Watermarking of HDR images in the spatial domain with HVS-imperceptibility. IEEE Access, 8 . pp. 156801-156817. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3019517 ISSN 2169-3536.
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WRAP-watermarking-HDR-images-spatial-domain-HVS-imperceptibility-Sanchez-2020.pdf - Published Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Available under License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. Download (9Mb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3019517
Abstract
This paper presents a watermarking method in the spatial domain with HVS-imperceptibility for High Dynamic Range (HDR) images. The proposed method combines the content readability afforded by invisible watermarking with the visual ownership identification afforded by visible watermarking. The HVS-imperceptibility is guaranteed thanks to a Luma Variation Tolerance (LVT) curve, which is associated with the transfer function (TF) used for HDR encoding and provides the information needed to embed an imperceptible watermark in the spatial domain. The LVT curve is based on the inaccuracies between the non-linear digital representation of the linear luminance acquired by an HDR sensor and the brightness perceived by the Human Visual System (HVS) from the linear luminance displayed on an HDR screen. The embedded watermarks remain imperceptible to the HVS as long as the TF is not altered or the normal calibration and colorimetry conditions of the HDR screen remain unchanged. Extensive qualitative and quantitative evaluations on several HDR images encoded by two widely-used TFs confirm the strong HVSimperceptibility capabilities of the method, as well as the robustness of the embedded watermarks to tone mapping, lossy compression, and common signal processing operations.
Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA76 Electronic computers. Computer science. Computer software T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TR Photography T Technology > TS Manufactures |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Computer Science | |||||||||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | High dynamic range imaging , Digital watermarking, Digital images -- Watermarking , Watermarks, Transfer functions , Embedded computer systems | |||||||||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | IEEE Access | |||||||||||||||
Publisher: | IEEE | |||||||||||||||
ISSN: | 2169-3536 | |||||||||||||||
Official Date: | 26 August 2020 | |||||||||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 8 | |||||||||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 156801-156817 | |||||||||||||||
DOI: | 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3019517 | |||||||||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||||||||
Copyright Holders: | IEEE | |||||||||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 17 September 2020 | |||||||||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 18 September 2020 | |||||||||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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