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Velocity distribution function of spontaneously evaporating atoms

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Busuioc, Sergiu, Gibelli, Livio, Lockerby, Duncan A. and Sprittles, James E. (2020) Velocity distribution function of spontaneously evaporating atoms. Physical Review Fluids, 5 (10). 103401. doi:10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.103401

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.103401

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Abstract

Numerical solutions of the Enskog-Vlasov (EV) equation are used to determine the velocity distribution function of atoms spontaneously evaporating into near-vacuum conditions. It is found that an accurate approximation is provided by a half-Maxwellian including a drift velocity combined with different characteristic temperatures for the velocity components normal and parallel to the liquid-vapor interface. The drift velocity and the temperature anisotropy reduce as the liquid bulk temperature decreases but persist for relatively low temperatures corresponding to a vapor behaviour which is only slightly non-ideal. Deviations from the undrifted isotropic half-Maxwellian are shown to be consequences of collisions in the liquid-vapor interface which preferentially backscatter atoms with lower normal-velocity component.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QC Physics
T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Engineering
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Gas-liquid interfaces, Fluid mechanics , Kinetic theory of liquids , Free molecular flow
Journal or Publication Title: Physical Review Fluids
Publisher: American Physical Society
ISSN: 2469-990X
Official Date: 12 October 2020
Dates:
DateEvent
12 October 2020Published
10 September 2020Available
10 September 2020Accepted
Volume: 5
Number: 10
Article Number: 103401
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.103401
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
Copyright Holders: © 2020 American Physical Society
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
EP/N016602/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
EP/R007438/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
EP/S029966/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
EP/P031684/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
UNSPECIFIEDLeverhulme Trusthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000275

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