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Synthesis of layered silicon-graphene hetero-structures by wet jet milling for high capacity anodes in Li-ion batteries

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Malik, Romeo, Huang, Qianye, Silvestri, Laura, Liu, Danqing, Pellegrini, Vittorio, Marasco, Luigi, Venezia, Eleonora, Abouali, Sara, Bonaccorso, Francesco, Lain, Michael J., Greenwood, David, West, Geoff, Shearing, Paul and Loveridge, Melanie (2020) Synthesis of layered silicon-graphene hetero-structures by wet jet milling for high capacity anodes in Li-ion batteries. 2D Materials . doi:10.1088/2053-1583/aba5ca (In Press)

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aba5ca

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Abstract

While silicon-based negative electrode materials have been extensively studied, to develop high capacity lithium-ion batteries, implementing a large-scale production method that can be easily transferred to industy, has been a crucial challenge. Here, a scalable wet-jet milling method was developed to prepare a silicon-graphene hybrid material to be used as negative electrode in lithium-ion batteries. This synthesized composite, when used as an anode in lithium cells, demonstrated high Li ion storage capacity, long cycling stability and high-rate capability. In particular, the electrode exhibited a reversible discharge capacity exceeding 1763 mAh g-1 after 450 cycles with a capacity retention of 98% and a coulombic efficiency of 99.85% (with a current density of 358 mA g-1). This significantly supersedes the performance of a Si-dominant electrode structures. The capacity fade rate after 450 cycles was only 0.005% per cycle in the 0.05-1 V range. This superior electrochemical performance is ascribed to the highly layered, silicon-graphene porous structure, as investigated via focused ion beam in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) tomography. The hybrid electrode could retain 89% of its porosity (under a current density of 358 mA g-1) after 200 cycles compared with only 35% in a Si-dominant electrode. Moreover, this morphology can not only accommodate the large volume strains from active silicon particles, but also maintains robust electrical connectivity. This confers faster transportation of electrons and ions with significant permeation of electrolyte within the electrode. Physicochemical characterisations were performed to further correlate the electrochemical performance with the microstructural dynamics. The excellent performance of the hybrid material along with the scalability of the synthesizing process is a step forward to realize high capacity/energy density lithium-ion batteries for multiple device applications.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: Faculty of Science > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Lithium ion batteries -- Materials, Electric batteries -- Electrodes, Jet mills, Silicon, Graphene, Heterostructures
Journal or Publication Title: 2D Materials
Publisher: IOP Publishing
ISSN: 2053-1583
Official Date: 14 July 2020
Dates:
DateEvent
14 July 2020Available
14 July 2020Accepted
Date of first compliant deposit: 1 October 2020
DOI: 10.1088/2053-1583/aba5ca
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: In Press
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
696656 - GrapheneCore2Horizon 2020 Framework Programmehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661
EP/S003053/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266

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