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The health benefits of dietary fibre

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Barber, Thomas M., Kabisch, S., Pfeiffer, A. F. and Weickert, Martin O. (2020) The health benefits of dietary fibre. Nutrients, 12 (10). 3209. doi:10.3390/nu12103209

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3390/nu12103209

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Abstract

Background: Dietary fibre consists of non-digestible forms of carbohydrate, usually as polysaccharides that originate from plant-based foods. Over recent decades, our diet within Westernised societies has changed radically from that of our hominid ancestors, with implications for our co-evolved gut microbiota. This includes increased ingestion of ultra-processed foods that are typically impoverished of dietary fibre, and associated reduction in the intake of fibre-replete plant-based foods. Over recent decades, there has been a transformation in our understanding of the health benefits of dietary fibre. Objective: To explore the current medical literature on the health benefits of dietary fibre, with a focus on overall metabolic health. Data Sources: We performed a narrative review, based on relevant articles written in English from a PubMed search, using the terms ‘dietary fibre and metabolic health’. Results: In the Western world, our diets are impoverished of fibre. Dietary fibre intake associates with overall metabolic health (through key pathways that include insulin sensitivity) and a variety of other pathologies that include cardiovascular disease, colonic health, gut motility and risk for colorectal carcinoma. Dietary fibre intake also correlates with mortality. The gut microflora functions as an important mediator of the beneficial effects of dietary fibre, including the regulation of appetite, metabolic processes and chronic inflammatory pathways. Conclusions: Multiple factors contribute to our fibre-impoverished modern diet. Given the plethora of scientific evidence that corroborate the multiple and varied health benefits of dietary fibre, and the risks associated with a diet that lacks fibre, the optimization of fibre within our diets represents an important public health strategy to improve both metabolic and overall health. If implemented successfully, this strategy would likely result in substantial future health benefits for the population. View Full-Text

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QP Physiology
Q Science > QR Microbiology
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine
Divisions: Faculty of Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine > Metabolic and Vascular Health (- until July 2016)
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Biomedical Sciences > Translational & Experimental Medicine
Faculty of Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Fiber in human nutrition, Intestines -- Microbiology
Journal or Publication Title: Nutrients
Publisher: M D P I A G
ISSN: 2072-6643
Official Date: 21 October 2020
Dates:
DateEvent
21 October 2020Published
14 October 2020Accepted
Date of first compliant deposit: 23 October 2020
Volume: 12
Number: 10
Article Number: 3209
DOI: 10.3390/nu12103209
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
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