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Voltage- and flow-controlled electrodialysis batch operation : flexible and optimized brackish water desalination
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He, Wei, Le Henaff, Anne-Claire, Amrose, Susan, Buonassisi, Tonio, Marius Peters, Ian and Winter, Amos G. (2021) Voltage- and flow-controlled electrodialysis batch operation : flexible and optimized brackish water desalination. Desalination, 500 . 114837. doi:10.1016/j.desal.2020.114837 ISSN 0011-9164.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2020.114837
Abstract
Electrodialysis (ED) desalination has been demonstrated to be more energy-efficient, provide higher-recovery, and be lower-cost for producing drinking water from saline groundwater compared to reverse osmosis. These benefits of ED could translate into cost-effective, renewable-powered desalination solutions. However, the challenge of using a variable power source (e.g. solar) with traditional steady-state ED operation requires batteries to reshape the power source to match the desalination load; these batteries often contribute to a large fraction of the produced water cost. In this study, we propose a time-variant voltage- and flow-controlled ED operation that can enable highly flexible desalination from variable power sources, including renewables, with negligible batteries, potentially leading to reduced water costs compared to what existing technology can provide. A model-based controller is presented which varies applied ED stack voltage and pumping flow rate to match power consumption to a variable source while maximizing desalination rate throughout an ED batch. The utility of the controller was demonstrated with a pilot-scale system tested with brackish groundwater, which operated as expected under varying fixed power levels and a real solar irradiance profile. The pilot system achieved a production rate up to 45% higher than that of an equivalently sized traditional steady-state ED system.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Desalination | ||||||||
Publisher: | Elsevier BV | ||||||||
ISSN: | 0011-9164 | ||||||||
Official Date: | 15 March 2021 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 500 | ||||||||
Article Number: | 114837 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114837 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 4 November 2020 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 24 November 2021 | ||||||||
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