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Evaluation of an in situ QAM-based Power Line Communication system for lithium-ion batteries
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Koshkouei, Mahyar J., Kampert, Erik, Moore, Andrew D. and Higgins, Matthew D. (2022) Evaluation of an in situ QAM-based Power Line Communication system for lithium-ion batteries. IET Electrical Systems in Transportation, 12 (1). pp. 15-25. doi:10.1049/els2.12033 ISSN 2042-9738.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1049/els2.12033
Abstract
Power Line Communication (PLC) is used to transmit high-fidelity data on internal cell characteristics from within instrumented cells to an external Battery Management System (BMS). Using PLC is beneficial as it avoids the need for a complex and heavyweight wiring harness within a battery. This paper considers the use of advanced modulation, such as Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM). Existing experimental results of lithium-ion cell impedance characteristics for frequencies of 100 kHz to 200 MHz are exploited in order to create a realistic battery model. This model is used to determine the effectiveness and optimal properties of PLC with QAM, as a means of in-situ battery communication for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) in combination with a real-world dynamic drive profile. Simulations reveal that the performance of the PLC system is heavily dependant on the selected carrier frequency due to the significant changes in reactance and internal resistance of the lithium-ion cells tested. Furthermore, cells placed in parallel display a decreased performance compared to cells in series. The results highlight that the optimal carrier frequency for in-situ QAM-based PLC for a lithium-ion battery system is 30 MHz, and that additional signal conditioning is required for 4-QAM and higher modulation orders.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Lithium ion batteries , Battery management systems , Amplitude modulation, Electric vehicles -- Batteries | ||||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | IET Electrical Systems in Transportation | ||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Wiley | ||||||||||||
| ISSN: | 2042-9738 | ||||||||||||
| Official Date: | March 2022 | ||||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 12 | ||||||||||||
| Number: | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 15-25 | ||||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1049/els2.12033 | ||||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 6 July 2021 | ||||||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 7 July 2021 | ||||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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