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Development and recent progress on ammonia synthesis catalysts for Haber–Bosch process
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Humphreys, John, Lan, Rong and Tao, Shanwen (2021) Development and recent progress on ammonia synthesis catalysts for Haber–Bosch process. Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research, 2 (1). 2000043. doi:10.1002/aesr.202000043 ISSN 2699-9412.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aesr.202000043
Abstract
Due to its essential use as a fertilizer, ammonia synthesis from nitrogen and hydrogen is considered to be one of the most important chemical processes of the last 100 years. Since then, an enormous amount of work has been undertaken to investigate and develop effective catalysts for this process. Although the catalytic synthesis of ammonia has been extensively studied in the last century, many new catalysts are still currently being developed to reduce the operating temperature and pressure of the process and to improve the conversion of reactants to ammonia. New catalysts for the Haber–Bosch process are the key to achieving green ammonia production in the foreseeable future. Herein, the history of ammonia synthesis catalyst development is briefly described as well as recent progress in catalyst development with the aim of building an overview of the current state of ammonia synthesis catalysts for the Haber–Bosch process. The new emerging ammonia synthesis catalysts, including electride, hydride, amide, perovskite oxide hydride/oxynitride hydride, nitride, and oxide promoted metals such as Fe, Co, and Ni, are promising alternatives to the conventional fused‐Fe and promoted‐Ru catalysts for existing ammonia synthesis plants and future distributed green ammonia synthesis based on the Haber–Bosch process.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering | ||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Catalysts , Ammonia , Ammonia -- Synthesis , Chemical bonds | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research | ||||||||
Publisher: | Wiley‐VCH GmbH | ||||||||
ISSN: | 2699-9412 | ||||||||
Official Date: | January 2021 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 2 | ||||||||
Number: | 1 | ||||||||
Article Number: | 2000043 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1002/aesr.202000043 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 14 December 2020 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 15 December 2020 | ||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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