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Cooperative effects of cellulose nanocrystals and sepiolite when combined on ionic liquid plasticised chitosan materials
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Chen, Pei, Xie, Fengwei, Tang, Fengzai and McNally, Tony (2021) Cooperative effects of cellulose nanocrystals and sepiolite when combined on ionic liquid plasticised chitosan materials. Polymers, 13 (4). 571. doi:10.3390/polym13040571 ISSN 2073-4360.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13040571
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and/or sepiolite (SPT) were thermomechanically mixed with un-plasticised chitosan and chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) blends plasticised with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2mim][OAc]). Examination of the morphology of these materials indicates that SPT aggregates were reduced when CNCs or [C2mim][OAc] were present. Inclusion of CNCs and/or SPT had a greater effect on material properties when the matrices were un-plasticised. Addition of SPT or CNCs altered the crystalline structure of the un-plasticised chitosan matrix. Moreover, a combination of SPT and CNCs was more effective at suppressing re-crystallisation. Nonetheless, the mechanical properties and surface hydrophobicity were more related to CNC/SPT–biopolymer interactions. The un-plasticised bionanocomposites generally showed increased relaxation temperatures, enhanced tensile strength, and reduced surface wettability. For the [C2mim][OAc] plasticised matrices, the ionic liquid (IL) dominates the interactions with the biopolymers such that the effect of the nanofillers is diminished. However, for the [C2mim][OAc] plasticised chitosan/CMC matrix, CNCs and SPT acted synergistically suppressing re-crystallisation but resulting in increased tensile strength.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QK Botany T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Polysaccharides -- Synthesis , Biopolymers, Biopolymers -- Industrial applications, Nanocomposites (Materials), Cellulose nanocrystals, Ionic solutions | ||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Polymers | ||||||
Publisher: | M D P I AG | ||||||
ISSN: | 2073-4360 | ||||||
Official Date: | 14 February 2021 | ||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 13 | ||||||
Number: | 4 | ||||||
Article Number: | 571 | ||||||
DOI: | 10.3390/polym13040571 | ||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 15 February 2021 | ||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 16 February 2021 | ||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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