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The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets – XLV. Two Neptune mass planets orbiting HD 13808 : a study of stellar activity modelling’s impact on planet detection

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Ahrer, E., Queloz, D., Rajpaul, V. M., Ségransan, D., Bouchy, F., Hall, R., Handley, W., Lovis, C., Mayor, M., Mortier, A., Pepe, F., Thompson, S., Udry, S. and Unger, N. (2021) The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets – XLV. Two Neptune mass planets orbiting HD 13808 : a study of stellar activity modelling’s impact on planet detection. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 503 (1). pp. 1248-1263. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab373 ISSN 1365-2966.

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab373

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Abstract

We present a comprehensive analysis of 10 yr of HARPS radial velocities (RVs) of the K2V dwarf star HD 13808, which has previously been reported to host two unconfirmed planet candidates. We use the state-of-the-art nested sampling algorithm PolyChord to compare a wide variety of stellar activity models, including simple models exploiting linear correlations between RVs and stellar activity indicators, harmonic models for the activity signals, and a more sophisticated Gaussian process regression model. We show that the use of overly simplistic stellar activity models that are not well-motivated physically can lead to spurious ‘detections’ of planetary signals that are almost certainly not real. We also reveal some difficulties inherent in parameter and model inference in cases where multiple planetary signals may be present. Our study thus underlines the importance both of exploring a variety of competing models and of understanding the limitations and precision settings of one’s sampling algorithm. We also show that at least in the case of HD 13808, we always arrive at consistent conclusions about two particular signals present in the RV, regardless of the stellar activity model we adopt; these two signals correspond to the previously reported though unconfirmed planet candidate signals. Given the robustness and precision with which we can characterize these two signals, we deem them secure planet detections. In particular, we find two planets orbiting HD 13808 at distances of 0.11, 0.26 au with periods of 14.2, 53.8 d, and minimum masses of 11, 10 M⊕.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QB Astronomy
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics
SWORD Depositor: Library Publications Router
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): K stars -- Motion in line of sight, Extrasolar planets -- Detection, Solar activity
Journal or Publication Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
ISSN: 1365-2966
Official Date: May 2021
Dates:
DateEvent
May 2021Published
11 February 2021Available
27 January 2021Accepted
Volume: 503
Number: 1
Page Range: pp. 1248-1263
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab373
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit: 19 April 2022
Date of first compliant Open Access: 19 April 2022
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
UNSPECIFIEDRoyal Astronomical Societyhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000698
UNSPECIFIEDEmmanuel College, University of Cambridgehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000609
EP/P020259/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
UNSPECIFIED[STFC] Science and Technology Facilities Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000271
Senior FellowshipKavli Foundationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100001201
Is Part Of: 1

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