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Aedes species (Diptera: Culicidae) ecological and host feeding patterns in the north-eastern parts of South Africa, 2014–2018

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Guarido, M. M., Riddin, M. A., Johnson, T., Braack, L. E. O., Schrama, M., Gorsich, Erin E., Brooke, B. D., Almeida, A. P. G. and Venter, Marietjie (2021) Aedes species (Diptera: Culicidae) ecological and host feeding patterns in the north-eastern parts of South Africa, 2014–2018. Parasites & Vectors, 14 (1). 339. doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04845-9

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-04845-9

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Abstract

Background
There is a paucity of recent data and knowledge on mosquito diversity and potential vectors of arboviruses in South Africa, with most of the available data dating back to the 1950s–1970s. Aedes and Culex species are the major vectors of some of the principal arboviruses which have emerged and re-emerged in the past few decades.

Methods
In this study we used entomological surveillance in selected areas in the north-eastern parts of South Africa from 2014 to 2018 to assess mosquito diversity, with special emphasis on the Aedes species. The impact of trap types and environmental conditions was also investigated. Identification of the blood meal sources of engorged females collected during the study period was carried out, and DNA barcodes were generated for selected species.

Results
Overall, 18.5% of the total Culicidae mosquitoes collected belonged to the genus Aedes, with 14 species recognised or suspected vectors of arboviruses. Species belonging to the Neomelaniconion subgenus were commonly collected in the Bushveld savanna at conservation areas, especially Aedes mcintoshi and Aedes circumluteolus. Aedes aegypti was present in all sites, albeit in low numbers. Temperature was a limiting factor for the Aedes population, and they were almost exclusively collected at temperatures between 18 °C and 27 °C. The cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) barcode fragment was amplified for 21 Aedes species, and for nine of these species it was the first sequence information uploaded on GenBank.

Conclusion
This study provides a better understanding of the diversity and relative abundance of Aedes species in the north-east of South Africa. The information provided here will contribute to future arboviral research and implementation of efficient vector control and prevention strategies.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QL Zoology
Q Science > QR Microbiology
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
SWORD Depositor: Library Publications Router
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Aedes , Aedes -- South Africa, Mosquitoes , Mosquitoes as carriers of disease, Mosquitoes as carriers of disease -- South Africa, Arboviruses
Journal or Publication Title: Parasites & Vectors
Publisher: BioMed Central
ISSN: 1756-3305
Official Date: 26 June 2021
Dates:
DateEvent
26 June 2021Published
11 June 2021Accepted
Volume: 14
Number: 1
Article Number: 339
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04845-9
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
NU2GGH001874-02-00Centers for Disease Control and Preventionhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000030
Gratama Fund 2016.08Rijksuniversiteit Groningenhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001721
SUB.2016.12.08Uyttenboogaart-Eliasen Stichtinghttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010195
UNSPECIFIEDFoundation for Research Development (South Africa)http://viaf.org/viaf/136125868
UNSPECIFIEDThe World Academy of Scienceshttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002222

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