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Urban water disinfection and mortality decline in lower-income countries
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Bhalotra, Sonia, Diaz-Caveros, Alberto, Miller, Grant, Miranda, Alfonso and Venkataramani, Atheendar S. (2021) Urban water disinfection and mortality decline in lower-income countries. American Economic Journal : Economic Policy, 13 (4). pp. 490-520. doi:10.1257/pol.20180764
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20180764
Abstract
Historically, improvements in municipal water quality led to substantial mortality decline in today’s wealthy countries. However, water disinfection has not consistently produced large benefits in lower-income countries. We study this issue by analyzing a large-scale municipal water disinfection program in Mexico that increased water chlorination coverage in urban areas from 58% to over 90% within 18 months. We estimate that the program reduced childhood diarrheal disease mortality rates by 45 to 67%. However, inadequate sanitation infrastructure and age (degradation) of water pipes may have attenuated these benefits substantially.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Social Sciences > Economics | ||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Municipal water supply , Municipal water supply -- Mexico, Water -- Purification -- Disinfection, Drinking water -- Purification -- Mexico, Water quality -- Mexico, Water -- Purification -- Health aspects -- Mexico, Infants -- Mortality -- Mexico | ||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | American Economic Journal : Economic Policy | ||||||
| Publisher: | American Economic Association | ||||||
| ISSN: | 1945-7731 | ||||||
| Official Date: | November 2021 | ||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 13 | ||||||
| Number: | 4 | ||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 490-520 | ||||||
| DOI: | 10.1257/pol.20180764 | ||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
| Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | "Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 by the American Economic Association. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of American Economic Association publications for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not distributed for profit or direct commercial advantage and that copies show this notice on the first page or initial screen of a display along with the full citation, including the name of the author. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than AEA must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. The author has the right to republish, post on servers, redistribute to lists and use any component of this work in other works. For others to do so requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Permissions may be requested from the American Economic Association Administrative Office by going to the Contact Us form and choosing ""Copyright/Permissions Request"" from the menu. | ||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||
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