UNSPECIFIED (1998) Influences of prior knowledge on selective weighting of category members. In: 26th International Congress of Psychology, AUG 16-21, 1996, MONTREAL, CANADA.

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Abstract

Three experiments addressed how prior theories affect categorization, comparing the influence of theory-congruent versus theory-incongruent category members. Subjects observed descriptions of persons, some congruent with prior knowledge and some incongruent, then made transfer judgments. In Experiment 1, subjects were given a relatively long time to study each description, whereas in Experiment 2 study time was manipulated between subjects. In Experiment 3, learning was self-paced by each subject. It was found that, with enough study time, prior knowledge had 2 distinct influences. First, prior knowledge provided an initial representation, subsequently revised in light of new observations. Second, incongruent observations had more impact than congruent observations on categorization. In comparison, when study time was more Limited, revision proceeded in a Bayesian manner, in that congruent and incongruent observations had equal impacts.

Item Type:	Conference Item (UNSPECIFIED)
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Journal or Publication Title:	JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
Publisher:	AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
ISSN:	0278-7393
Date:	May 1998
Volume:	24
Number:	3
Number of Pages:	20
Page Range:	pp. 712-731
Publication Status:	Published
Title of Event:	26th International Congress of Psychology
Location of Event:	MONTREAL, CANADA
Date(s) of Event:	AUG 16-21, 1996
URI:	http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/id/eprint/15747

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