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Robust metallic actuators based on nanoporous gold rapidly dealloyed from gold–nickel precursors
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Cheng, Chuan and Lührs, Lukas (2021) Robust metallic actuators based on nanoporous gold rapidly dealloyed from gold–nickel precursors. Advanced Functional Materials, 31 (48). 2107241. doi:10.1002/adfm.202107241 ISSN 1616-3028.
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WRAP-Robust-metallic-actuators-nanoporous-gold-fast-dealloyed-gold-nickel-precursors-2021.pdf - Accepted Version Embargoed item. Restricted access to Repository staff only - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (1669Kb) |
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202107241
Abstract
Dealloyed nanoporous gold (np-Au) has applications as oxygen reduction catalysis in Li-air batteries and fuel cells, or as actuators to convert electricity into mechanical energy. However, it faces the challenges of coarsening-induced structure instability, mechanical weakness due to low relative densities, and slow dealloying rates. Here, monolithic np-Au is dealloyed from a single-phase Au25Ni75 solid-solution at a one-order faster dealloying rate, ultra-low residual Ni content, and importantly, one-third more relative density than np-Au dealloyed from conventional Au25Ag75. The small atomic radius and low dealloying potential of the sacrificing element Ni are intrinsically beneficial to fast produce high relative density np-Au, as predicted by a general model for dealloying of binary alloys and validated by experiments. Stable, durable, and reversible actuation of np-Au takes place under cyclic potential triggering in alkaline and acidic electrolytes with negligible coarsening-induced strain-shift. The thermal and mechanical robustness of bulk np-Au is confirmed by two-order slower ligament coarsening rates during annealing at 300 °C and 45 MPa macroscopic yielding strength distinctive from the typical early onset of plastic yielding. This article opens a rich direction to achieve high relative density np-Au which is essential for porous network connectivity, mechanical strength, and nanostructure robustness for electrochemical functionality.
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Porous materials, Alloys -- Dissolution, Gold, Gold alloys | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Advanced Functional Materials | ||||||||
Publisher: | Wiley | ||||||||
ISSN: | 1616-3028 | ||||||||
Official Date: | 25 November 2021 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 31 | ||||||||
Number: | 48 | ||||||||
Article Number: | 2107241 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1002/adfm.202107241 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Re-use Statement: | "This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Cheng, C., Lührs, L., Robust Metallic Actuators Based on Nanoporous Gold Rapidly Dealloyed from Gold–Nickel Precursors. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 2107241., which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202107241. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions." | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||
Copyright Holders: | © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 15 September 2021 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 10 March 2022 | ||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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