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Computational simulation of novel treatment strategies for critical lung disease in adults, children and neonates
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Saffaran, Sina (2020) Computational simulation of novel treatment strategies for critical lung disease in adults, children and neonates. PhD thesis, University of Warwick.
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WRAP_Theses_Saffaran_2020.pdf - Submitted Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Download (2215Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://webcat.warwick.ac.uk/record=b3684866
Abstract
Critical lung diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The most important component of treatment for patients with such conditions is mechanical ventilation. However, mechanical ventilation can also cause ventilator induced lung injuries (VILI). Consequently, clinicians have for many years been conducting extensive investigations using experimental studies in animal models and clinical trials in human patients in order to find safer and more effective ventilation strategies. To assist these efforts, engineering approaches such as computational modelling can also be employed to investigate and develop novel treatment strategies, with fewer ethical, practical and cost constraints than in vivo experiments.
In this thesis, a state-of-the-art computational simulator of cardio-pulmonary physiology is used to investigate novel treatments including ventilatory strategies and drug interventions for critical lung disease in adults, paediatrics and neonates. First, the impact of a novel compound on gas exchange is evaluated in virtual patients with COPD and pulmonary hypertension (PH) as a complication, considering both systemic administration of the drug and dry powder inhalation. Next, the ability to simulate paediatric subjects is incorporated into the model, and a new dataset of paediatric ARDS patients is analysed to investigate whether, and how, more lung protective ventilation could be achieved in clinical practice. Subsequently, the utility of two recently proposed measures of VILI, mechanical power (MP) and driving pressure (ΔP), as targets to derive maximally protective ventilator settings is tested on two cohorts of virtual adult and paediatric ARDS patients. Finally, initial results on the adaptation of the computational simulator to investigate neonatal pathophysiology are presented.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) | ||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA76 Electronic computers. Computer science. Computer software R Medicine > RC Internal medicine |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Lungs -- Diseases -- Treatment, Lungs -- Diseases -- Computer simulation, Lungs -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Technological innovations, Pediatric respiratory diseases -- Treatment | ||||
Official Date: | April 2020 | ||||
Dates: |
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Institution: | University of Warwick | ||||
Theses Department: | School of Engineering | ||||
Thesis Type: | PhD | ||||
Publication Status: | Unpublished | ||||
Supervisor(s)/Advisor: | Bates, Declan | ||||
Format of File: | |||||
Extent: | xii, 129 leaves : illustrations | ||||
Language: | eng |
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