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Visualization of ion fluxes in nanopipettes : detection and analysis of electro-osmosis of the second kind
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McPherson, Ian J., Brown, Peter, Meloni, Gabriel N. and Unwin, Patrick R. (2021) Visualization of ion fluxes in nanopipettes : detection and analysis of electro-osmosis of the second kind. Analytical Chemistry, 93 (49). pp. 16302-16307. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02371 ISSN 0003-2700.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02371
Abstract
Nanopipettes are finding increasing use as nano “test tubes”, with reactions triggered through application of an electrochem-ical potential between electrodes in the nanopipette and a bathing solution (bath). Key to this application is an understand-ing of how the applied potential induces mixing of the reagents from the nanopipette and the bath. Here we demonstrate a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) approach to tracking the ingress of dye into a nanopipette (20-50 nm diameter end opening). We examine the case of dianionic fluorescein under alkaline conditions (pH 11) and large applied tip poten-tials (±10 V), with respect to the bath, and surprisingly find that dye ingress from the bath into the nanopipette is not ob-served under either sign of potential. Finite element method (FEM) simulations indicate this is due to the dominance of elec-tro-osmosis in mass transport, with electro-osmotic flow in the conventional direction at +10 V, and electro-osmosis of the second kind acting in the same direction at 10 V, caused by the formation of significant space charge in the center of the orifice. The results highlight the significant deviation in mass transport behavior that emerges at the nanoscale and the utility of the combined LSCM and FEM approach in deepening understanding, which in turn should promote new applications of nanopipettes.
Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry | |||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry | |||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Nanotechnology, Ion flow dynamics, Analytical chemistry, Imaging systems in chemistry, Nanopores | |||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Analytical Chemistry | |||||||||
Publisher: | American Chemical Society | |||||||||
ISSN: | 0003-2700 | |||||||||
Official Date: | 14 December 2021 | |||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 93 | |||||||||
Number: | 49 | |||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 16302-16307 | |||||||||
DOI: | 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02371 | |||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): | This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Analytical Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see | |||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | |||||||||
Copyright Holders: | © 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society | |||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 3 December 2021 | |||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 3 December 2021 | |||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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