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Efficient and transferable machine learning potentials for the simulation of crystal defects in bcc Fe and W

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Goryaeva, Alexandra M., Dérès, Julien, Lapointe, Clovis, Grigorev, Petr, Swinburne, Thomas D., Kermode, James R., Ventelon, Lisa, Baima, Jacopo and Marinica, Mihai-Cosmin (2021) Efficient and transferable machine learning potentials for the simulation of crystal defects in bcc Fe and W. Physical Review Materials, 5 (10). 103803. doi:10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.103803

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.10380...

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Abstract

Data-driven, or machine learning (ML), approaches have become viable alternatives to semiempirical methods to construct interatomic potentials, due to their capacity to accurately interpolate and extrapolate from first-principles simulations if the training database and descriptor representation of atomic structures are carefully chosen. Here, we present highly accurate interatomic potentials suitable for the study of dislocations, point defects, and their clusters in bcc iron and tungsten, constructed using a linear or quadratic input-output mapping from descriptor space. The proposed quadratic formulation, called quadratic noise ML, differs from previous approaches, being strongly preconditioned by the linear solution. The developed potentials are compared to a wide range of existing ML and semiempirical potentials, and are shown to have sufficient accuracy to distinguish changes in the exchange-correlation functional or pseudopotential in the underlying reference data, while retaining excellent transferability. The flexibility of the underlying approach is able to target properties almost unattainable by traditional methods, such as the negative divacancy binding energy in W or the shape and the magnitude of the Peierls barrier of the
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screw dislocation in both metals. We also show how the developed potentials can be used to target important observables that require large time-and-space scales unattainable with first-principles methods, though we emphasize the importance of thoughtful database design and degrees of nonlinearity of the descriptor space to achieve the appropriate passage of information to large-scale calculations. As a demonstration, we perform direct atomistic calculations of the relative stability of
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dislocations loops and three-dimensional C15 clusters in Fe and find the crossover between the formation energies of the two classes of interstitial defects occurs at around 40 self-interstitial atoms. We also compute the kink-pair formation energy of the
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screw dislocation in Fe and W, finding good agreement with density functional theory informed line tension models that indirectly measure those quantities. Finally, we exploit the excellent finite-temperature properties to compute vacancy formation free energies with full anharmonicity in thermal vibrations. The presented potentials thus open up many avenues for systematic investigation of free-energy landscape of defects with ab initio accuracy.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
Q Science > QC Physics
T Technology > TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Machine learning , Atomic structure, Body-centered cubic metals, Tungsten, Density functionals
Journal or Publication Title: Physical Review Materials
Publisher: American Physical Society
ISSN: 2475-9953
Official Date: 21 October 2021
Dates:
DateEvent
21 October 2021Published
5 October 2021Accepted
Volume: 5
Number: 10
Article Number: 103803
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.5.103803
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights): ©2021 American Physical Society
Access rights to Published version: Restricted or Subscription Access
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
633053H2020 Euratomhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010687
755039H2020 Euratomhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010687
ANR-19-CE46-0006-1[ANR] Agence Nationale de la Recherchehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001665
EP/R012474/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
EP/R043612/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
RPG-2017-191Leverhulme Trusthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000275
EP/P022065/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266

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