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Monitoring the effect of transdermal drug delivery patches on the skin using Terahertz sensing

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Lindley-Hatcher, Hannah, Wang, Jiarui, Hernandez-Serrano, Arturo I., Hardwicke, Joseph, Nurumbetov, Gabit, Haddleton, David M. and Pickwell-MacPherson, Emma (2021) Monitoring the effect of transdermal drug delivery patches on the skin using Terahertz sensing. Pharmaceutics, 13 (12). 2052. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13122052 ISSN 1424-8247.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122052

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Abstract

Water content of the skin is an important parameter for controlling the penetration rate of chemicals through the skin barrier; therefore, for transdermal patches designed for drug delivery to be successful, the effects of the patches on the water content of the skin must be understood. Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is a technique which is being increasingly investigated for biomedical applications due to its high sensitivity to water content and non-ionizing nature. In this study, we used THz measurements of the skin (in vivo) to observe the effect of partially and fully occlusive skin patches on the THz response of the skin after the patches had been applied for 24 h. We were able to observe an increase in the water content of the skin following the application of the patches and to identify that the skin remained hyper-hydrated for four hours after the removal of the fully occlusive patches. Herein, we show that THz spectroscopy has potential for increasing the understanding of how transdermal patches affect the skin, how long the skin takes to recover following patch removal, and what implications these factors might have for how transdermal drug patches are designed and used.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics
Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Terahertz spectroscopy, Transdermal medication, Drugs -- Administration, Skin absorption, Drug delivery systems
Journal or Publication Title: Pharmaceutics
Publisher: MDPI
ISSN: 1424-8247
Official Date: 1 December 2021
Dates:
DateEvent
1 December 2021Published
25 November 2021Accepted
Volume: 13
Number: 12
Article Number: 2052
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122052
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit: 7 January 2022
Date of first compliant Open Access: 10 January 2022
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:
Project/Grant IDRIOXX Funder NameFunder ID
EP/S021442/1[EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
UNSPECIFIEDRoyal Societyhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000288

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