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Monitoring the effect of transdermal drug delivery patches on the skin using Terahertz sensing
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Lindley-Hatcher, Hannah, Wang, Jiarui, Hernandez-Serrano, Arturo I., Hardwicke, Joseph, Nurumbetov, Gabit, Haddleton, David M. and Pickwell-MacPherson, Emma (2021) Monitoring the effect of transdermal drug delivery patches on the skin using Terahertz sensing. Pharmaceutics, 13 (12). 2052. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13122052 ISSN 1424-8247.
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WRAP-monitoring-effect-transdermal-drug-delivery-patches-skin-using-Terahertz-sensing-2021.pdf - Published Version - Requires a PDF viewer. Available under License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. Download (1223Kb) | Preview |
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122052
Abstract
Water content of the skin is an important parameter for controlling the penetration rate of chemicals through the skin barrier; therefore, for transdermal patches designed for drug delivery to be successful, the effects of the patches on the water content of the skin must be understood. Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is a technique which is being increasingly investigated for biomedical applications due to its high sensitivity to water content and non-ionizing nature. In this study, we used THz measurements of the skin (in vivo) to observe the effect of partially and fully occlusive skin patches on the THz response of the skin after the patches had been applied for 24 h. We were able to observe an increase in the water content of the skin following the application of the patches and to identify that the skin remained hyper-hydrated for four hours after the removal of the fully occlusive patches. Herein, we show that THz spectroscopy has potential for increasing the understanding of how transdermal patches affect the skin, how long the skin takes to recover following patch removal, and what implications these factors might have for how transdermal drug patches are designed and used.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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| Subjects: | R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Chemistry Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Physics Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Terahertz spectroscopy, Transdermal medication, Drugs -- Administration, Skin absorption, Drug delivery systems | |||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Pharmaceutics | |||||||||
| Publisher: | MDPI | |||||||||
| ISSN: | 1424-8247 | |||||||||
| Official Date: | 1 December 2021 | |||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 13 | |||||||||
| Number: | 12 | |||||||||
| Article Number: | 2052 | |||||||||
| DOI: | 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122052 | |||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 7 January 2022 | |||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 10 January 2022 | |||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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