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Ire and punishment : incidental anger and costly punishment in children, adolescents, and adults
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Gummerum, Michaela, López-Pérez, B., Van Dijk, E. and Van Dillen, L. (2022) Ire and punishment : incidental anger and costly punishment in children, adolescents, and adults. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 218 . 105376. doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2022.105376 ISSN 0022-0965.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2022.105376
Abstract
Why do children, adolescents, and adults engage in costly punishment to sanction fairness violations? Two studies investigated the differential impact of incidental anger on the costly punishment of 8-year-olds, 13-year-olds, and adults. Focusing on experimentally manipulated incidental anger allows for a causal investigation as to whether and how anger affects costly punishment in these age groups in addition to other motives such as inequity aversion. Study 1 (N = 210) assessed the effect of incidental anger (vs. a neutral emotion) on second-party punishment, where punishers were direct victims of fairness violations. Study 2 (N = 208) examined third-party punishment, where the punisher was an observer unaffected by the violation. Across ages, incidental anger increased the second-party punishment of unequal offers but not equal offers. Thus, anger seems to play a causal role in the punishment of unfairness when fairness violations are self-relevant. As predicted, adults’ third-party punishment of unequal offers was higher in the incidental anger condition than in the neutral emotion condition. Children’s third-party punishment of unfairness was not affected by the emotion condition, but incidental anger increased adolescents’ third-party punishment across offers. Overall, our data suggest that the association between anger and costly punishment is based on the self-relevance of the violation. In third-party situations, where unfairness does not affect the self, social-cognitive processes that develop well into adulthood, such as emotional appraisals, might be necessary for third parties to engage in costly punishment.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BJ Ethics |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | ||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Punishment (Psychology), Fairness , Punishment -- Social aspects, Developmental psychology | ||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Experimental Child Psychology | ||||||||
| Publisher: | Elsevier | ||||||||
| ISSN: | 0022-0965 | ||||||||
| Official Date: | June 2022 | ||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 218 | ||||||||
| Article Number: | 105376 | ||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jecp.2022.105376 | ||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 11 January 2022 | ||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 31 January 2023 | ||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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