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Neuropsychological abilities underpinning academic attainment in children born extremely preterm
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Trickett, Jayne, Bernardi, Marialivia, Fahy, Amanda, Lancaster, Rebecca, Larsen, Jennifer, Ni, Yanyan, Suonpera, Emmi, Wolke, Dieter, Marlow, Neil and Johnson, Samantha (2022) Neuropsychological abilities underpinning academic attainment in children born extremely preterm. Child Neuropsychology, 28 (6). pp. 746-767. doi:10.1080/09297049.2021.2014433 ISSN 0929-7049.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2021.2014433
Abstract
Children born extremely preterm (EP) have poorer academic attainment than their term-born peers. There is a need to identify the specific cognitive mechanisms that are associated with poor academic attainment in preterm populations to inform the development of intervention strategies. A parallel mediation analysis was conducted with cross-sectional data from 152 EP children (< 27 weeks of gestation) and 120 term-born controls who were assessed at age 11. Mathematics and reading attainment was assessed using the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test 2nd Edition. Controlling for sex and socio-economic status we evaluated the following mediators: verbal working memory, visuospatial working memory, verbal processing speed, attention, and visuospatial processing. These were assessed using subtests from the standardized NEPSY-II test and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-5th Edition. Verbal working memory, visuospatial working memory, visuospatial processing and verbal processing speed, but not attention, were significant independent mediators between EP birth and attainment in reading. No direct relationship between EP birth and reading attainment remained in the mediated model. All five neuropsychological variables mediated the relationship between EP birth and attainment in mathematics, but a direct effect of EP birth on mathematics remained in the mediated model. Together, all five neuropsychological abilities indirectly explained 44% of the variance in reading and 52% of the variance in mathematics. Visuospatial processing was the strongest mediator of both mathematics and reading. Components of executive function, especially visuospatial processing, are important predictors of academic attainment. Interventions to improve visuospatial skills could be trialed in EP populations.
Item Type: | Journal Article | |||||||||
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Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology H Social Sciences > HQ The family. Marriage. Woman L Education > LB Theory and practice of education R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics |
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Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School > Health Sciences > Mental Health and Wellbeing Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School |
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Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Prematurely born children, Academic achievement, Short-term memory in children, Neuropsychological tests for children | |||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Child Neuropsychology | |||||||||
Publisher: | Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group | |||||||||
ISSN: | 0929-7049 | |||||||||
Official Date: | August 2022 | |||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 28 | |||||||||
Number: | 6 | |||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 746-767 | |||||||||
DOI: | 10.1080/09297049.2021.2014433 | |||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | |||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | |||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | |||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 13 January 2022 | |||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 14 January 2022 | |||||||||
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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