Rakhimov, Arman, Ong, Jason, Realo, Anu and Tang, Nicole K. Y. (2022) Being kind to self is being kind to sleep? A structural equation modelling approach evaluating the direct and indirect associations of self-compassion with sleep quality, emotional distress and mental well-being. Current Psychology . doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02661-z ISSN 1936-4733. (In Press)

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Abstract

The study examined the relationship between self-compassion and sleep quality. We also investigated whether the relationship was mediated by brooding, perceived stress, sleep hygiene, and anxiety about sleep and whether self-compassion was associated with anxiety, depression, and mental well-being indirectly through sleep quality. A sample of 468 adults completed measures of demographics, health, sleep quality, self-compassion, predisposing (arousability, brooding, perfectionism, interpersonal problems), precipitating (perceived stress, presence of life-changing events) and perpetuating (sleep hygiene, anxiety about sleep) factors of insomnia, depression, anxiety and mental well-being. The results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that low self-compassion was significantly associated with poorer sleep quality when controlling for socio-demographic variables, health-related factors and predisposing factors of insomnia. The association, however, became non-significant when precipitating and perpetuating factors of insomnia were added to the model. Structural equation modelling showed that the relationship between self-compassion and sleep quality was mediated by anxiety about sleep and through sequential mediations involving anxiety about sleep and then sleep hygiene; or anxiety about sleep, perceived stress and then sleep hygiene; or perceived stress and then sleep hygiene. Poor sleep in turn was associated with anxiety and depression, which had a negative effect on mental well-being. This study provided cross-sectional evidence that low self-compassion is a potential risk factor for poor sleep quality, and consequently, poor mental well-being. These findings provide insights into possible mechanisms underlying the relationship between self-compassion and sleep quality that could inform etiological models of insomnia.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology
SWORD Depositor:	Library Publications Router
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Sleep -- Psychological aspects, Compassion
Journal or Publication Title:	Current Psychology
Publisher:	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
ISSN:	1936-4733
Official Date:	23 January 2022
Dates:	Date Event 23 January 2022 Published 21 December 2021 Accepted
DOI:	10.1007/s12144-021-02661-z
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	In Press
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights):	This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review (when applicable) and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02661-z
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
Date of first compliant deposit:	2 February 2022
Date of first compliant Open Access:	23 January 2023
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:	Project/Grant ID RIOXX Funder Name Funder ID Bolashak Scholarship Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004561
Related URLs:	https://www.springer.com/tdm

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