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Minimal gluten exposure alters urinary volatile organic compounds in stable coeliac disease

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McFarlane, Michael J., Arasaradnam, Ramesh P., Reed, Beryl, Daulton, Emma, Wicaksono, Alfian, Tyagi, Heena, Covington, James A. and Nwokolo, Chuka U. (2022) Minimal gluten exposure alters urinary volatile organic compounds in stable coeliac disease. Sensors, 22 (3). e1290. doi:10.3390/s22031290 ISSN 1424-8220.

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/s22031290

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Abstract

Coeliac disease (CD) patients are distinguishable from healthy individuals via urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis. We exposed 20 stable CD patients on gluten-free diet (GFDs) to a 14-day, 3 g/day gluten challenge (GCh), and assessed urinary VOC changes. A control cohort of 20 patients continued on GFD. Urine samples from Days 0, 7, 14, 28 and 56 were analysed using Lonestar FAIMS and Markes Gas Chromatography−Time of Flight−Mass Spectrometer (GC-TOF-MS). VOC signatures on D (day) 7−56 were compared with D0. Statistical analysis was performed using R. In GCh patients, FAIMS revealed significant VOC differences for all time points compared to D0. GC-TOF-MS revealed significant changes at D7 and D14 only. In control samples, FAIMS revealed significant differences at D7 only. GC-TOF-MS detected no significant differences. Chemical analysis via GC-MS-TOF revealed 12 chemicals with significantly altered intensities at D7 vs. D0 for GCh patients. The alterations persisted for six chemicals at D14 and one (N-methyltaurine) remained altered after D14. This low-dose, short-duration challenge was well tolerated. FAIMS and GC-TOF-MS detected VOC signature changes in CD patients when undergoing a minimal GCh. These findings suggest urinary VOCs could have a role in monitoring dietary compliance in CD patients.

Item Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Q Science > QD Chemistry
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine
R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions: Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > Engineering
SWORD Depositor: Library Publications Router
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): Celiac disease , Gluten-free diet , Volatile organic compounds -- Health aspects, Ion mobility spectroscopy
Journal or Publication Title: Sensors
Publisher: MDPI AG
ISSN: 1424-8220
Official Date: 8 February 2022
Dates:
DateEvent
8 February 2022Published
3 February 2022Accepted
Volume: 22
Number: 3
Article Number: e1290
DOI: 10.3390/s22031290
Status: Peer Reviewed
Publication Status: Published
Access rights to Published version: Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit: 8 March 2022
Date of first compliant Open Access: 8 March 2022

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