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Nanocarriers call the last shot in the treatment of brain cancers
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Mehrabian, Amin, Mashreghi, Mohammad, Dadpour, Saba, Badiee, Ali, Arabi, Leila, Hoda Alavizadeh, Seyedeh, Alia Moosavian, Seyedeh and Reza Jaafari, Mahmoud (2022) Nanocarriers call the last shot in the treatment of brain cancers. Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, 21 . doi:10.1177/15330338221080974
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1177/15330338221080974
Abstract
Our brain is protected by physio-biological barriers. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) main mechanism of protection relates to the abundance of tight junctions (TJs) and efflux pumps. Although BBB is crucial for healthy brain protection against toxins, it also leads to failure in a devastating disease like brain cancer. Recently, nanocarriers have been shown to pass through the BBB and improve patients’ survival rates, thus becoming promising treatment strategies. Among nanocarriers, inorganic nanocarriers, solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, polymers, micelles, and dendrimers have reached clinical trials after delivering promising results in preclinical investigations. The size of these nanocarriers is between 10 and 1000 nm and is modified by surface attachment of proteins, peptides, antibodies, or surfactants. Multiple research groups have reported transcellular entrance as the main mechanism allowing for these nanocarriers to cross BBB. Transport proteins and transcellular lipophilic pathways exist in BBB for small and lipophilic molecules. Nanocarriers cannot enter via the paracellular route, which is limited to water-soluble agents due to the TJs and their small pore size. There are currently several nanocarriers in clinical trials for the treatment of brain cancer. This article reviews challenges as well as fitting attributes of nanocarriers for brain tumor treatment in preclinical and clinical studies.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QP Physiology R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RC Internal medicine T Technology > T Technology (General) |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Medicine > Warwick Medical School | ||||||
| SWORD Depositor: | Library Publications Router | ||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Nanotechnology, Nanobiotechnology, Drug delivery systems, Brain -- Cancer, Blood-brain barrier, Nanomedicine | ||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment | ||||||
| Publisher: | SAGE Publications | ||||||
| ISSN: | 1533-0338 | ||||||
| Official Date: | 1 January 2022 | ||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 21 | ||||||
| DOI: | 10.1177/15330338221080974 | ||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access | ||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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