Gourine, Alexander V. and Dale, Nicholas (2022) Brain H+/CO2 sensing and control by glial cells. Glia, 70 (8). pp. 1520-1535. doi:10.1002/glia.24152

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Abstract

Maintenance of constant brain pH is critically important to support the activity of individual neurons, effective communication within the neuronal circuits, and, thus, efficient processing of information by the brain. This review article focuses on how glial cells detect and respond to changes in brain tissue pH and concentration of CO2, and then trigger systemic and local adaptive mechanisms that ensure a stable milieu for the operation of brain circuits. We give a detailed account of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying sensitivity of glial cells to H+ and CO2 and discuss the role of glial chemosensitivity and signaling in operation of three key mechanisms that work in concert to keep the brain pH constant. We discuss evidence suggesting that astrocytes and marginal glial cells of the brainstem are critically important for central respiratory CO2 chemoreception—a fundamental physiological mechanism that regulates breathing in accord with changes in blood and brain pH and partial pressure of CO2 in order to maintain systemic pH homeostasis. We review evidence suggesting that astrocytes are also responsible for the maintenance of local brain tissue extracellular pH in conditions of variable acid loads associated with changes in the neuronal activity and metabolism, and discuss potential role of these glial cells in mediating the effects of CO2 on cerebral vasculature.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > QP Physiology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Life Sciences (2010- )
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Neuroglia, Hydrogen-ion concentration -- Physiological effect, Carbon dioxide -- Physiological effect, Chemical senses, Chemoreceptors, Homeostasis
Journal or Publication Title:	Glia
Publisher:	John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISSN:	0894-1491
Official Date:	August 2022
Dates:	Date Event August 2022 Published 1 February 2022 Available 17 January 2022 Accepted
Volume:	70
Number:	8
Number of Pages:	16
Page Range:	pp. 1520-1535
DOI:	10.1002/glia.24152
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Reuse Statement (publisher, data, author rights):	This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [FULL CITE], which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/glia.24152. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited
Access rights to Published version:	Restricted or Subscription Access
Copyright Holders:	Wiley Periodicals LLC.
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:	Project/Grant ID RIOXX Funder Name Funder ID UNSPECIFIED [BBSRC] Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000268 UNSPECIFIED British Heart Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000274 UNSPECIFIED Medical Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000265 UNSPECIFIED Wellcome Trust http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010269 200893 Wellcome Trust http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010269

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