Vincent, Timothy A., Gulsoy, Begum, Sansom, Jonathan E. H. and Marco, James (2022) In-situ instrumentation of cells and power line communication data acquisition towards smart cell development. Journal of Energy Storage, 50 . 104218. doi:10.1016/j.est.2022.104218 ISSN 2352-152X.

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Abstract

The internal core temperature of cells is required to create accurate cell models and understand cell performance within a module. Pack cooling concepts often trade off temperature uniformity, vs cost/weight and complexity. Poor thermal management systems can lead to accelerated cell degradation, and unbalanced ageing. To provide core temperature an internal array of 7 thermistors was constructed; these in conjunction with cell current, via bus bar mounted sensors, and voltage sensor measurements, we have developed instrumented cells. These cells are also equipped with power line communication (PLC) circuitry, forming smart cells. We report upon data from these miniature sensors during cell cycling, demonstrating successful operation of the PLC system (zero errors compared to a reference wired connection) during typical cell cycling (C/2 discharge, C/3 charge) and the application of automotive drive cycle, providing a transient current test profile. Temperature variation within the cell of approximately 1.2 °C gradients, and variation of >2.8 °C during just 30 min of 2C discharging demonstrate the need for internal sensing and monitoring throughout the lifetime of a cell. Our cycling experimental data, along with thorough cell performance tracking, where typically <0.5% degradation was found following instrumentation process, demonstrate the success of our novel prototype smart cells.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group)
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH):	Lithium ion batteries , Lithium ion batteries -- Design and construction, Battery management systems
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Energy Storage
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	2352-152X
Official Date:	June 2022
Dates:	Date Event June 2022 Published 26 February 2022 Available 11 February 2022 Accepted 19 November 2021 Submitted
Volume:	50
Article Number:	104218
DOI:	10.1016/j.est.2022.104218
Status:	Peer Reviewed
Publication Status:	Published
Access rights to Published version:	Open Access (Creative Commons)
Date of first compliant deposit:	28 March 2022
Date of first compliant Open Access:	29 March 2022
RIOXX Funder/Project Grant:	Project/Grant ID RIOXX Funder Name Funder ID R004927 [EPSRC] Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266 R004927 Jaguar Land Rover UNSPECIFIED R004927 Warwick Manufacturing Group http://viaf.org/viaf/123628346

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