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In-vitro viability of bone scaffolds fabricated using the adaptive foam reticulation technique
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Winnett, James, Jumbu, Neeraj, Cox, Sophie C., Gibbons, Gregory John, Grover, Liam M., Warnett, Jason M., Williams, Mark A., Dancer, Claire E. J. and Mallick, Kajal (2022) In-vitro viability of bone scaffolds fabricated using the adaptive foam reticulation technique. Biomaterials Advances, 136 . 212766. doi:10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212766 ISSN 2772-9508.
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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212766
Abstract
The adaptive foam reticulation technique combines the foam reticulation and freeze casting methodologies of fabricating bone reparative scaffolds to offer a potential alternative to autografts. For the first time this paper studies the effect of processing on the mechanical properties and in-vitro cell growth of controllably generating a hierarchical structure of macro- (94 ± 6 to 514 ± 36 μm) and microporosity (2–30 μm) by the inclusion of camphene as a porogen during processing. Scaffolds were produced with porogen additions of 0–25 wt%. Porosity values of the structures of 85–96% were determined using the Archimedes technique and verified using X-ray Computed Tomography. The strength of the hydroxyapatite scaffolds, 5.70 ± 1.0 to 159 ± 61 kPa, correlated to theoretically determined values, 3.71 ± 0.8 to 134 ± 12 kPa, calculated by the novel incorporation of a shape factor into a standard equation. Fibroblast (3T3) and pre-osteoblast (MC3T3) cell growth was found to be significantly (P < 0.005) improved using 25 wt% porogen. This was supported by increased levels of alkaline phosphatase and was thought to result from greater dissolution as quantified by increased calcium levels in incubating media. The combination of these properties renders adaptive foam reticulation-fabricated scaffolds suitable for non-structural bone regenerative applications in non-load bearing bone defects.
| Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry R Medicine > RC Internal medicine T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Engineering > WMG (Formerly the Warwick Manufacturing Group) | ||||||||||
| Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Foam, Bone substitutes, Bone regeneration, Biomedical materials, Scaffolding, Porosity | ||||||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | Biomaterials Advances | ||||||||||
| Publisher: | Elsevier | ||||||||||
| ISSN: | 2772-9508 | ||||||||||
| Official Date: | May 2022 | ||||||||||
| Dates: |
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| Volume: | 136 | ||||||||||
| Article Number: | 212766 | ||||||||||
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212766 | ||||||||||
| Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||||
| Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||||
| Access rights to Published version: | Open Access (Creative Commons) | ||||||||||
| Date of first compliant deposit: | 6 April 2022 | ||||||||||
| Date of first compliant Open Access: | 6 April 2022 | ||||||||||
| RIOXX Funder/Project Grant: |
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